Table 16.

Seroprevalences of T. gondii infection in cats (1990–2000)

Country	Year of samplinga	Seroprevalence (%)b	Number of samples tested (n)b	Methodc	Reference
Pet cats
Argentina	1993	20	169	IHAT	[598]
Brazil	1996–97	18	248	IFAT	[599]
Chile	< 1992	40	65	IHAT	[600]
France	< 1997	43	519	IFAT	[401]
	< 1998	43	506	IFAT	[561]
Germany	1989–90	46	231	IFAT	[601]
	1989–90	31–47**	218*	ELISA	[602]
	1989–90	34–51**	218*	IFAT	[602]
	1992–94	34–61**	465*	ELISA	[603]
Italy	1996	9	113	IFAT	[564]
Japan	1994–95	9	471	LAT	[604]
	< 1998	6	800	LAT	[605]
Mexico	< 1999	71	24	ELISA	[606]
Singapore	< 1992	7	15	LAT	[607]
Sweden	1986–87	42	241	ELISA	[542]
Taiwan	< 1990	8	117	ELISA	[608]
Turkey	1994	43	65	SFDT	[609]
USA (Oklahoma)	1987–88	22	618	LAT	[610]
Stray or feral cats
Australia	< 1997	50	18	LAT	[611]
	< 1999	40	103	ELISA	[612]
Bangladesh	1995	33	24	LAT	[282]
Brazil	< 1999	73	173	IFAT	[557]
Germany	1989–90	66	61	IFAT	[601]
	1989–90	58	88	ELISA	[602]
	1989–90	56	88	IFAT	[602]
	1992–94	59	112	ELISA	[603]
	1998	66	259	ELISA	[613]
Italy	< 1997	33	490	ELISA	[614]
	< 1997	33	490	DAT	[614]
Japan	1990–91	19	231	LAT	[615]
Korea	< 1999	13	198	ELISA	[131]
Singapore	< 1992	31	706	LAT	[607]
United Kingdom (Oxfordshire)	< 1996	62	45	IHAT	[616]
USA
Illinois	1992–93	68	391	MAT	[452]
Iowa	< 1992	42	74	MAT	[459]
Turkey	< 1995	70	53	IHAT	[617]
Not classified
Argentina	1988–94	61	145	IFAT	[552]
	< 1997	35	55	IFAT	[618]
Austria	< 1996	48	456	IFAT	[114]
Czech Republic	1995–97	59	390	IFAT	[619]
Japan	1989–91	11	726	LAT	[620]
Panama	1990–92	32–61**	141*	DAT	[155]
Poland	1992–96	71	357	DAT	[621]
Slovenia	< 1997	70	54	IFAT	[622]
	< 1997	59	54	ELISA	[622]
	< 1997	57	54	DAT	[622]
Turkey	< 1998	56	36	SFDT	[623]
	< 1998	38	24	SFDT	[624]
United Kingdom (Scotland)	< 1993	19*	158	–	[625]
USA	< 1992	74	124	ELISA	[626]

^aYears of sampling are listed as published in the references. In cases where this information was not available, the year listed here is the year when the study was published, as indicated by ‘<’. Data from the 1980s are included if the study was published in the 1990s and if no recent data were available for the area.

^bFigures marked with ‘*’ were calculated from the published data. Seroprevalences marked with ‘**’ varied with the type of keeping or the year of examination.

^cDAT, direct agglutination test; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IFAT, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test; IHAT, indirect haemag-glutination test; LAT, latex agglutination test; MAT, modified agglutination test; SFDT, Sabin–Feldman dye test; –, not reported.