Table 4.
Robustness Checks for Parental Transfer Response Equations
| Variable | Co-Residence Transfer |
Financial Transfer |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Panel A. Parental Transfers as Function of Offspring’s High School Dropout Status | ||||||
| 1 Sibling Younger than 18 (NYG1) | 0.0366*** | 0.0372*** | ||||
| (0.0045) | (0.0070) | |||||
| 2 Siblings Younger than 18 (NYG2) | 0.0374*** | 0.0220** | ||||
| (0.0069) | (0.0103) | |||||
| 3+ Siblings Younger than 18 (NYG3+) | 0.0502*** | 0.0253* | ||||
| (0.0096) | (0.0149) | |||||
| HS Dropout × 1 Sibling Younger than 18 (B × NYG1) | −0.0745*** | −0.0859*** | ||||
| (0.0072) | (0.0118) | |||||
| HS Dropout × 2 Siblings Younger than 18 (B × NYG2) | −0.0927*** | −0.1187*** | ||||
| (0.0105) | (0.0165) | |||||
| HS Dropout × 3+ Siblings Younger than 18 (B × NYG3+) | −0.1484*** | −0.1816*** | ||||
| (0.0138) | (0.0221) | |||||
| No. of Sibs Younger than 18 × Family Always In Poverty | −0.0159** | −0.0303*** | ||||
| (NYG × InPov) | (0.0071) | (0.0116) | ||||
| No. of Sibs Younger than 18 × Family In & Out of Poverty | 0.0025 | −0.0042 | ||||
| (NYG × In&OutPov) | (0.0049) | (0.0091) | ||||
| No. of Sibs Younger than 18 × Family Inc-to-Need > 1 & | 0.0135*** | −0.0026 | ||||
| < Top 50% (NYG × AbovePov) | (0.0029) | (0.0049) | ||||
| No. of Sibs Younger than 18 × Family High Inc-to-Need | 0.1042*** | 0.0949*** | ||||
| (Top 50%) (NYG × IncNeedTop50) | (0.0062) | (0.0092) | ||||
| HS Dropout ×No. of Younger Sibs × Family Always In | −0.0154 | −0.0224 | ||||
| Poverty (B × NYG × In_Pov) | (0.0095) | (0.0165) | ||||
| HS Dropout × No. of Younger Sibs × Family In & Out of | −0.0268*** | −0.0442*** | ||||
| Poverty (B × NYG × In&OutPov) | (0.0066) | (0.0125) | ||||
| HS Dropout × No. of Younger Sibs × Fam. Inc-to-Need > 1 & | −0.0390*** | −0.0408*** | ||||
| < Top 50% (B × NYG × AbovePov) | (0.0045) | (0.0079) | ||||
| HS Dropout × No. of Younger Sibs × Fam. High Inc-to-Need | −0.1162*** | −0.1444*** | ||||
| (Top 50%) (B × NYG × IncNeedTop50) | (0.0131) | (0.0213) | ||||
| No. of Siblings Younger than 18 (NYG) | 0.0194*** | 0.0080* | ||||
| (0.0028) | (0.0047) | |||||
| HS Dropout × No. of Siblings Younger than 18 (B × NYG) | −0.0427*** | −0.0503*** | ||||
| (0.0040) | (0.0069) | |||||
| No. of Siblings Younger than 18 × First-Born | −0.0060 | −0.0022 | ||||
| (NYG × firstborn) | (0.0044) | (0.0077) | ||||
| HS Dropout × No. of Siblings Younger than 18 × First-Born | −0.0072 | −0.0194 | ||||
| (B × NYG × firstborn) | (0.0070) | (0.0128) | ||||
| Number of Person-Years | 144,758 | 144,758 | 144,758 | 73,242 | 73,242 | 73,242 |
| Number of Individuals | 11,269 | 11,269 | 11,269 | 11,184 | 11,184 | 11,184 |
| R2 for within-individual variation | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
| Variable | Co-Residence Transfer |
Financial Transfer |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Panel B. Parental Transfers as Function of Daughter’s Teenage Childbearing Status | ||||||
| 1 Sister Younger than 18 (NYG1) | 0.0232*** | 0.0315*** | ||||
| (0.0060) | (0.0100) | |||||
| 2 Sisters Younger than 18 (NYG2) | 0.0597*** | 0.0309* | ||||
| (0.0108) | (0.0172) | |||||
| 3+ Sisters Younger than 18 (NYG3+) | 0.0688*** | 0.0510* | ||||
| (0.0187) | (0.0291) | |||||
| Teen Birth × 1 Sister Younger than 18 (B × NYG1) | −0.1193*** | −0.1412*** | ||||
| (0.0141) | (0.0244) | |||||
| Teen Birth × 2 Sisters Younger than 18 (B × NYG2) | −0.2005*** | −0.2198*** | ||||
| (0.0229) | (0.0377) | |||||
| Teen Birth × 3+ Sisters Younger than 18 (B × NYG3+) | −0.2664*** | −0.2697*** | ||||
| (0.0347) | (0.0566) | |||||
| No. of Younger Sis. × Family Always In Poverty | 0.0156 | −0.0411** | ||||
| (NYG × InPov) | (0.0115) | (0.0205) | ||||
| No. of Younger Sis. × Family Not In & Out of Poverty | 0.0018 | 0.0030 | ||||
| (NYG × In&OutPov) | (0.0077) | (0.0157) | ||||
| No. of Younger Sis. × Family Inc-to-Need > 1 & < Top 50% | 0.0216*** | 0.0160* | ||||
| (NYG × AbovePov) | (0.0051) | (0.0089) | ||||
| No. of Younger Sis. × Family High Inc-to-Need (Top 50%) | 0.1267*** | 0.1081*** | ||||
| (NYG × IncNeedTop50) | (0.0107) | (0.0167) | ||||
| Teen Birth ×No. of Younger Sis. × Family In Poverty | −0.1047*** | −0.0477 | ||||
| (B × NYG × InPov) | (0.0192) | (0.0343) | ||||
| Teen Birth × No. of Younger Sis. × Family Not In & Out of | −0.0929*** | −0.0572** | ||||
| Poverty (B × NYG × In&OutPov) | (0.0150) | (0.0285) | ||||
| Teen Birth × No. of Younger Sis. × Fam. Inc-to-Need > 1 & | −0.0622*** | −0.1011*** | ||||
| < Top 50% (B × NYG × AbovePov) | (0.0114) | (0.0218) | ||||
| Teen Birth × No. of Younger Sis. × Fam. High Inc-to-Need | −0.2482*** | −0.3729*** | ||||
| (Top 50%) (B × NYG × IncNeedTop50) | (0.0534) | (0.0870) | ||||
| No. of Sisters Younger than 18 (NYG) | 0.0296*** | 0.0206** | ||||
| (0.0047) | (0.0084) | |||||
| Teen Birth × No. of Sisters Younger than 18 (B × NYG) | −0.1060*** | −0.0945*** | ||||
| (0.0096) | (0.0178) | |||||
| No. of Sisters Younger than 18 × First-Born | −0.0099 | 0.0005 | ||||
| (NYG × firstborn) | (0.0080) | (0.0143) | ||||
| Teen Birth × No. of Sisters Younger than 18 × First-Born | 0.0338** | −0.0268 | ||||
| (B × NYG × firstborn) | (0.0171) | (0.0319) | ||||
| Number of Person-Years | 71,332 | 71,332 | 71,332 | 35,902 | 35,902 | 35,902 |
| Number of Sisters | 4,908 | 4,908 | 4,908 | 4,878 | 4,878 | 4,878 |
| R2 for within-individual variation | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
Notes: The sample for Panel A consists of all respondents in NLSY79 data set.
Measurement of dependent Variables: Co-Residence Transfer = 1 if the respondent lives with parents, = 0 otherwise. Financial transfer = 1 if parents provide at least half of living expenses, = 0 otherwise.
*
p < 0.10;
**
p < 0.05;
***
p < 0.01.
Notes: The sample for Panel B consists of all female respondents in NLSY79 data set.
Measurement of dependent Variables: Co-Residence Transfer = 1 if the respondent lives with parents, = 0 otherwise. Financial transfer = 1 if parents provide at least half of living expenses, = 0 otherwise.
*
p < 0.10;
**
p < 0.05;
***
p < 0.01.