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. 2011 Jun 7;6(6):e20656. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020656

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Runckel et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) Arthropod pathogen microarray detection of viruses: sacbrood virus (SBV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), Israeli acute bee paralysis virus (IAPV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), deformed virus (DWV) in each colony (5 bees per sample). (B) Incidence of select parasites assessed by end-point PCR from a single time-point each month (each chart n = 20, except January n = 17); the positive sample percentages in each pie-chart are indicated in red.