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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2010 Dec 31;3(4):479–489. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.131

TABLE 2.

Some published models relevant to understanding the immune response during TB

Model category Biology Biological scale Time
scale		 Length scale Model type Ref.
Lymph node
models 		Peptide-MHC binding Molecular 10−1-102 s 10−9-10−8 m Statistical 42, 43
Antigen uptake and
presentation by single
APC		 Molecular/
single cell		 101-103 s 10−5 m Deterministic,
continuous (ODE)		 43, 44
Priming of single T cell
by APC		 Molecular
Multiple cells		 101-102 s 10−3-10−2 m Deterministic,
continuous (ODE)		 5, 43
Cell interactions and T
cell priming in LN		 Cell/Tissue 104-105 10−3-10−2 m Stochastic, discrete
(ABM)		 38, 45-51
Granuloma
models 		TNF secretion and
binding by single cells		 Single cell 1-101 s 10−6-10−5 m Deterministic,
continuous (ODE)		 23
TNF secretion and
binding by cells in
granuloma		 Cell/Tissue 1-101 s 10−3-10−2 m Deterministic,
continuous (PDE)		 23
Cell interactions in
the lung to form
granuloma		 Cell/Tissue 102-103 s 10−3 m Stochastic, discrete
(ABM)		 21, 22, 37
Lung models Cell interactions in
the lung		 Tissue/Organ 1 day 10−1 m Deterministic
continuous
(ODE,PDE)		 16-20, 30, 31
Lymphatic/
organ models 		LN to other organ
models		 Organ/Body 105-106 s 10−2-1 m Deterministic (Two
compartmental
ODE systems)		 24-26, 52-54