Table 4.

Adjusted Odds Ratios of Lifetime History and Past 12-Month Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Use Among Lesbian and Heterosexual Women, ESTHER Project, Pittsburgh, PA, 2003–2006

	Ever used		Used past 12 months
Variable	AOR (95% CI)	p	AOR (95% CI)	p
Age		0.062		0.557
35–39	Reference		Reference
40–44	0.92 (0.55, 1.52)		1.16 (0.69, 1.93)
45–49	1.67 (1.01, 2.77)		1.28 (0.77, 2.13)
50–54	1.38 (0.81, 2.37)		1.03 (0.60, 1.78)
55–64	1.41 (0.83, 2.38)		1.47 (0.87, 2.48)
Sexual orientation		0.001		0.021
Heterosexual	Reference		Reference
Lesbian	1.68 (1.23, 2.28)		1.44 (1.06, 1.97)
Race		<0.001		<0.0001
White	Reference		Reference
African-American	0.31 (0.16, 0.59)		0.17 (0.08, 0.38)
Education		<0.0001		<0.0001
High school or less	Reference		Reference
Some college	2.21 (1.22, 4.39)		1.71 (0.88, 3.33)
Bachelors	3.77 (2.00, 7.13)		3.16 (1.63, 6.11)
Graduate	4.16 (2.26, 7.64)		3.54 (1.89, 6.64)
Perceived discriminated in a health care establishment		<0.001		0.036
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	2.48 (1.53, 4.03)		1.63 (1.03, 2.57)
Residence		0.004		0.002
Large city	Reference		Reference
Not large city	0.63 (0.46, 0.86)		0.62 (0.45, 0.84)
Spirituality		<0.001		<0.0001
Somewhat/not at all	Reference		Reference
Spiritual	1.03 (0.73, 1.45)		1.21 (0.86, 1.72)
Very spiritual	2.27 (1.50, 3.44)		2.74 (1.83, 4.10)
Have provider of usual care				0.005
No			Reference
Yes			1.81 (1.19, 2.76)
Mental health–related condition		0.013		0.043
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	1.48 (1.09, 2.02)		1.38 (1.01, 1.89)

ESTHER, Epidemiologic STudy of HEalth Risk in Women; CI, confidence interval; AOR, adjusted odds ratio.

CAM use ever adjusted for: Age, race, education, sexual orientation, reported discrimination in a health care establishment, residence, spirituality, and previous mental health diagnosis.

Past 12-Month CAM adjusted for: Age, race, education, sexual orientation, reported discrimination in a health care establishment, residence, spirituality, have provider of usual care, and previous mental health diagnosis.