Table 1.
Type of milk feeding, decisions and advice (21 items)
| Question wording | Test-retest reliabilitya | Validityb | Frequencyc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What feeding methods are you currently using? (n = 40) | Questiond | %Agreemente | Kappaf | %Agreemente | Kappaf | n(%) |
| Breast milk directly from the breast | 1a | 100.0 | 1.00 | 100.0 | 1.00 | 18(45) |
| Expressed breast milk from bottle | 1b | 97.3 | 0.91 | 91.9 | 0.68 | 7(18) |
| Formula milk, made up from powder or concentrate | 1c | 100.0 | 1.00 | 100.0 | 1.00 | 25(63) |
| Ready-to use formula milk | 1d | 91.9 | 0.79 | 75.7 | 0.24 | 12(30) |
| Others | 1e | 86.5 | 0.47 | 86.5 | 0.25 | 7(18) |
| When deciding how often to feed your baby, do you usually? (n = 40) | ||||||
| A)Feed your baby on demand | 2a | 88.9 | 0.75 | 75.7 | 0.49 | 14(35) |
| B) Follow a routine | 2b | 91.4 | 0.72 | 83.8 | 0.42 | 9(23) |
| Do a combination of A and B | 2c | 82.9 | 0.66 | 70.3 | 0.40 | 21(50) |
| When deciding how much to feed your baby, do you usually? (n = 40) | ||||||
| Follow guidance | 17 | 92.1 | 0.36 | 91.9 | -0.04 | 3(7) |
| Depend on baby's appetite | 37(93) | |||||
| Depend on baby's growth | 0(0) | |||||
| Which brand, and type of formula milk do you usually use? (n = 26) | ||||||
| Brand | 6a | 87.5 | 0.83 | 87.5 | 0.83 | |
| Type | 6b | 82.6 | 0.71 | 79.0 | 0.65 | |
| If you make up formula from milk powder, are the scoops usually? (n = 25) | ||||||
| rounded/heaped OR flat | 11a | 92.7 | 0.85 | Insufficient responses | 0(0) | |
| loosely packed OR tightly packed | 11b | 78.3 | 0.56 | 54.6 | 0.07 | 14(56) |
| do you add powder first OR water first | 11c | 100.0 | 1.00 | 100.0 | 1.00 | 1(4) |
|
If you received/read advice on formula feed preparation, we would like to know which advice you followed. (n = 25) | ||||||
| Midwife | 12a | 78.3 | 0.57 | 66.7 | 0.23 | 9(36) |
| Health visitor | 12b | 73.9 | 0.59 | 45.8 | 0.07 | 12(48) |
| Friends | 12c | 87.0 | 0.76 | 50.0 | 0.11 | 13(52) |
| Family | 12d | 78.3 | 0.59 | 41.7 | 0.02 | 13(52) |
| Formula milk packet or tin | 12e | 73.9 | 0.55 | 62.5 | 0.32 | 22(88) |
| Leaflet | 12f | 90.9 | 0.81 | 75.0 | 0.10 | 6(24) |
| Other | 12 g | 100.0 | 1.00 | 95.0 | 0.77 | 2(10) |
aTest-retest reliability-1st and 2nd questionnaires
bValidity-1st questionnaire and interview
cFrequency of respondents 1st questionnaire - for Question 11a- answering scoops rounded/heaped; 11b loosely packed; 11c added powder first. For Question 12a-12 g answering followed all or some of the advice.
dQuestion- Question number
eAgreement- Percentage exact agreement- over 66% good agreement
fKappa- Chance corrected agreement or Cohen's Kappa- < 0 poor; 0-0.20 slight; 0.21-0.40 fair; 0.41-0.60 moderate; 0.61-0.8 substantial; 0.81-1 almost perfect