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. 2011 Jun 9;6(6):e20631. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020631

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(A) Total number of ultrasonic vocalizations, (B) total calling time, (C) duration of calls, (D) peak frequency, (E) peak amplitude and (F) frequency modulation of calls emitted during the 5 min isolation from mother and littermates. Black bar: Shank1^+/+ wildtype littermate control mice; striped bar: Shank1^+/ ⁻ heterozygote mice; white bar: Shank1 ^−/− null mutant mice. Data are presented as means ± standard errors of the mean. * p<0.050 vs. Shank1^+/+; # p<0.050 vs. Shank1^+/ ⁻.