Fig. 2.

Example structures constituting the 3D chest model. This figure, along with Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8a are based on MDCT scan 20349_3_3 (578 512×512 transverse-plane sections, resolution Δx = Δy = 0.72 mm and Δz = 0.5 mm). a 3D airway tree (brown), aorta (red), and PA (blue). b Lungs (red) with airway tree (brown) and airway centerlines (red). c Example coronal 2D section of segmented sternum (left) and example sagittal 2D section of segmented spine (right). d Airway-tree centerlines and major-airway labels per (2). e MBCs of four major lung lobar regions per (3). f Aorta, its three constituent parts (ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta), and centerline (brown); T_arch, B_arch, and Ψ_ascend, are landmarks used for station definition (Sect. 2.2)