Table 3.

The regression coefficients (β) estimates and standard error (SE) of inflammatory markers on HRV indices using 24-hour data, daytime (9 AM to 9 PM) and nighttime (9 PM to 9 AM next day) data separately from linear mixed-effects models analysis.

			log of HF (ms2)		log of LF (ms2)		SDNN (ms)		RMSSD (ms)		LF/HF Ratio		Heart Rate (/min)
			β†	SE	β	SE	β	SE	β	SE	β	SE	β	SE
Log CRP (ng/mL)	Model 1‡	24-h	−0.23	0.02**	−0.23	0.01**	−4.01	0.21**	−2.41	0.23**	0.09	0.06*	1.30	0.29**
		day	−0.23	0.02**	−0.22	0.02**	−3.59	0.25**	−1.94	0.24**	0.17	0.06**	1.01	0.41*
		night	−0.23	0.03**	−0.24	0.02**	−4.47	0.33**	−2.88	0.38**	−0.02	0.06	1.70	0.38**
	Model 2‡	24-h	−0.23	0.02**	−0.21	0.01**	−3.71	0.20**	−2.38	0.22**	0.18	0.04**	1.29	0.29**
		day	−0.23	0.02**	−0.20	0.02**	−3.39	0.24**	−1.97	0.23**	0.30	0.05**	1.03	0.42*
		night	−0.23	0.03**	−0.22	0.02**	−4.05	0.32**	−2.79	0.37**	0.05	0.06	1.66	0.38**
WBC (×103)	Model 1	24-h	−0.12	0.02**	−0.11	0.01**	−2.05	0.20**	−1.06	0.22**	0.06	0.04	2.37	0.27**
		day	−0.13	0.02**	−0.13	0.02**	−2.19	0.25**	−1.11	0.23**	0.04	0.05	2.18	0.38**
		night	−0.11	0.03**	−0.10	0.02**	−1.93	0.32**	−1.00	0.38**	0.09	0.06	2.64	0.35**
	Model 2	24-h	−0.12	0.02**	−0.12	0.01**	−2.18	0.20**	−1.08	0.22**	0.03	0.04	2.42	0.26**
		day	−0.12	0.02**	−0.13	0.02**	−2.25	0.23**	−1.09	0.22**	−0.01	0.05	2.21	0.38**
		night	−0.11	0.03**	−0.11	0.02**	−2.11	0.31**	−1.04	0.36**	0.06	0.06	2.69	0.34**

^*p<0.05;

^**p<0.01;

^#p<0.10.

^†The estimates of regression coefficients correspond to the changes in HRV for every one-unit increase in inflammatory markers.

^‡Model 1: Unadjusted; Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and CVD-related conditions.

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; HF, high frequency powers; HRV, heart rate variability; LF, low frequency powers; RMSSD, the square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences of the adjacent RR intervals; SDNN, standard deviation of RR intervals; WBC, white blood cell count.