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(A) Relative frequencies of attachment for carbohydrate:L-selectin interactions in Ca2+ (top four lanes on a scale of ≈1 per 10 touches), in the presence of blocking antibodies and Ca2+ or EDTA (middle five lanes), for nonspecific interactions with PEGylated spheres (bottom four lanes), all probed under the fixed conditions of impingement force and contact duration. (B) Nonspecific forces (±SD) measured ≈1 per 100 touches to PEGylated microspheres.
