Table 5. Characteristics of Patients With and Without Incident Heart Failure Diagonsed on an Inpatient or an Outpatient Basis (All Observation Years Combined).
| Characteristic | No Incident HF | Incident HF as an Inpatient | Incident HF as an Outpatient | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | P Value* | Cases | P Value* | ||
| n | 355 946 | 1362 | … | 2639 | … |
| Age, years | 37.8 ± 13.9 | 65.1 ± 14.5 | <0.0001 | 63.3 ± 14.3 | <0.0001 |
| Women, n (%) | 189 378 (53.2) | 709 (52.1) | 0.17 | 1309 (49.6) | 0.0002 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 41 670 (11.7) | 1179 (86.6) | <0.0001 | 1957 (74.2) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 099 (3.1) | 534 (39.2) | <0.0001 | 711 (26.9) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2808 (0.8) | 410 (30.1) | <0.0001 | 492 (18.6) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 646 (0.2) | 207 (15.2) | <0.0001 | 148 (5.6) | <0.0001 |
| Valvular heart disease | 1323 (0.4) | 201 (14.8) | <0.0001 | 152 (5.8) | <0.0001 |
| No. of comorbidities, n (%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 309 393 (86.9) | 155 (11.4) | 591 (22.4) | ||
| 1 | 37 607 (10.6) | 353 (25.9) | 976 (37.0) | ||
| 2 | 8246 (2.3) | 486 (35.7) | 778 (29.5) | ||
| 3 | 676 (0.2) | 272 (20.0) | 253 (9.6) | ||
| 4 | 24 (0.0) | 90 (6.6) | 36 (1.4) | ||
| 5 | 0 | 6 (0.4) | 5 (0.2) | ||
| No. in each age group, n (%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||
| 18–54 years | 312 218 (87.7) | 335 (24.6) | 721 (27.3) | ||
| 55–64 years | 25 875 (7.3) | 298 (21.9) | 571 (21.6) | ||
| 65–74 years | 13 261 (3.7) | 344 (25.3) | 757 (28.7) | ||
| ≥75 years | 4592 (1.3) | 385 (28.3) | 590 (22.4) | ||
Patients diagnosed with incident HF as inpatients and outpatients are shown separately.
*
Compared with the “no incident HF” group.