Figure 1. Results of a Genomewide Association Study of Samples from Case Subjects with Carbamazepine-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome and Control Subjects.

Panel A shows a Manhattan plot for logistic regression with a strong signal in the HLA-A region on chromosome 6. Each dot represents a P value for the comparison of 22 case subjects with the hypersensitivity syndrome and 2691 healthy control subjects from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. Panel B shows P values for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HLA-A region. There is a strong association between carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome and the HLA-A*3101 allele, with identification of the allele in 40.0% of case subjects and only 4.9% of control subjects. The x axis shows the SNP position on chromosome 6 (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 36). The left y axis shows the negative log₁₀ of P values for the comparison between case subjects and control subjects, as calculated with logistic regression. The right y axis shows the recombination rate on chromosome 6 between 29 and 31 Mb. The diamonds show the degree of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the samples.