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. 2011 May 8;4:19. doi: 10.1186/1756-6606-4-19

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Copyright ©2011 Ge et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The prevention of axonal VGSC inactivation by ATX decreases axonal spike thresholds and shortens refractory periods. A) shows the waves of axonal spike thresholds induced by depolarization pulses (50 ms) before and after ATX application (5 μM, green trace). B) shows the averaged values of axonal spike thresholds before and after ATX application. C) shows the waveforms of axonal spike refractory periods induced by depolarization pulses (50 ms) before and after ATX application (5 μM, green trace). D) shows the averaged values of axonal spike refractory periods before and after ATX application.