Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| Demographics | Male (n=28) | Female (n=19) | All (n=47) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.1±8.6 | 68.0±7.4 | 64.5±8.6 |
| Height (cm) | 176.7±7.5 | 160.1±8.1 | 170.0±11.2 |
| Weight (kg) | 84.8±14.3 | 64.9±12.2 | 76.7±16.6 |
| Body mass index (m/kg2) | 27.2±4.7 | 25.2±3.7 | 26.4±14.4 |
| Mini Mental Status Examination (0–30) | 27.6±2.1 | 28.3±1.7 | 27.9±2.0 |
| Stroke characteristics | |||
| Post-stroke duration (years) | 5.1±3.3 | 5.6±5.1 | 5.3±8.6 |
| Paretic side (right) (n) | 11 | 8 | 19 |
| Paretic side (dominant side) (n) | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke (n) | 17 | 11 | 28 |
| American Heart Association Stroke Functional Classification (I/II/III/IV/V) | 3/15/8/2/0 | 4/12/3/0/0 | 7/27/11/2/0 |
| Outcome Measures (Upper extremity impairment) | |||
| Muscle strength (Paretic side) (N) | 584.7±440.7 | 500.4±214.2 | 550.6±365.6 |
| Muscle strength (Non-paretic side) (N) | 1167.3±275.0 | 643.3±128.8 | 955.5±344.1 |
| Percent side-to-side difference in muscle strength (%) | 50.0±34.1 | 21.4±30.3 | 38.5±35.2 |
| Wolf Motor Function Test Score (0–5) | 2.7±1.8 | 4.1±1.2 | 3.3±1.7 |
| Modified Ashworth Scale of Spasticity Score (0–4) Median (interquartile range) | 0.5(1.9) | 0.0(1.0) | 0.25(1.3) |
| Motor Activity Log Score (0–5) | 2.0±1.8 | 3.3±1.6 | 2.5±1.9 |
Mean±SD unless otherwise indicated