Table 1.

ORs and 95% CIs for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

	Unadjusted		Multivariate adjusted*
	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P
CAVIa	1.37 (1.20–1.56)	<0.001	1.36 (1.13–1.65)	0.001
Age (years)	1.02 (1.01–1.04)	0.010	0.98 (0.95–1.01)	0.110
Male sex	1.25 (0.86–1.84)	0.247	0.57 (0.35–0.93)	0.024
Duration (years)	1.05 (1.02–1.07)	<0.001	1.04 (1.01–1.07)	0.005
BMI (kg/m2)	0.92 (0.87–0.98)	0.010	0.96 (0.90–1.04)	0.323
HbA1c (%)	1.00 (0.91–1.11)	0.936	0.98 (0.86–1.11)	0.691
Pulse pressure (mmHg)	1.02 (1.00–1.03)	0.021	1.01 (0.99–1.03)	0.388
GFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)	0.99 (0.98–1.00)	0.012	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.533
Hyperlipidemiab	0.96 (0.59–1.57)	0.884	1.01 (0.57–1.79)	0.964
CVD	1.83 (1.01–3.31)	0.045	2.09 (1.01–4.32)	0.048
Autonomic neuropathy	1.26 (0.80–2.00)	0.324	0.89 (0.51–1.54)	0.575
Current smokers	1.05 (0.43–2.60)	0.912	1.34 (0.48–3.74)	0.679
Insulin therapy	1.32 (0.90–1.94)	0.161	1.05 (0.62–1.77)	0.856
ACE inhibitor/ARB	0.76 (0.51–1.12)	0.163	0.63 (0.38–1.03)	0.067
Calcium channel blocker	0.80 (0.49–1.29)	0.628	0.81 (0.45–1.47)	0.489
β-Blocker	0.85 (0.45–1.63)	0.624	0.86 (0.39–1.88)	0.701

ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; GFR, glomerular filtration rate.

^aCAVI is a continuous measure.

^bHyperlipidemia was defined as a triglyceride concentration ≥150 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein concentration ≥100 mg/dL, or taking cholesterol-lowering medication.

*Adjusted for all other variables in the first column.