Table 1.
Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical variables among categories of FPG and risk of CMRF in children and adolescents
| Categories of FPG |
Normal |
P |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Mid | High | ||
| n | 274 | 275 | 231 | |
| Age (years) | 10 ± 3 | 10 ± 3 | 10 ± 3 | 0.101 |
| Boys (%) | 110 (40) | 143 (52) | 129 (56) | 0.001 |
| Prepubertal stage (%) | 135 (49) | 145 (53) | 112 (49) | 0.586 |
| Normal weight (%) | 92 (33) | 61 (22) | 45 (20) | 0.0001 |
| Overweight (%) | 62 (23) | 59 (21) | 53 (23) | 0.554 |
| Obesity (%) | 120 (44) | 155 (56) | 133 (58) | 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24 ± 6 | 25 ± 6 | 26 ± 6 | 0.0001 |
| BMI z score | −0.22 ± 1.0 | 0.02 ± 0.96 | 0.19 ± 1.02 | 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 77 ± 17 | 82 ± 16 | 85 ± 17 | 0.0001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 2.7 ± 2.1 | 3.4 ± 2.5 | 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 0.118 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 162 ± 33 | 163 ± 30 | 161 ± 32 | 0.792 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 52 ± 11 | 53 ± 11 | 52 ± 12 | 0.264 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 84 ± 40 | 87 ± 44 | 84 ± 36 | 0.902 |
| BP (mmHg) | ||||
| Systolic | 103 ± 11 | 107 ± 12 | 110 ± 13 | 0.0001 |
| Diastolic | 60 ± 9 | 60 ± 10 | 61 ± 9 | 0.542 |
| WBC (103/L) | 7.1 ± 2.4 | 7.4 ± 2.0 | 7.9 ± 2.3 | 0.0001 |
| Odds ratio (95% CI)^ | ||||
| Insulin resistance | 1.00 | 2.35 (1.43–3.87)* | 1.95 (1.52–2.51)† | |
| Hypertension | 1.00 | 2.23 (1.06–3.08)‡ | 1.57 (1.07–2.29)§ | |
| High WBC count | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.63–1.58) | 1.31 (1.05–1.65)§ | |
Data are mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
^Adjusted for age, sex, pubertal stage, allergy, and BMI z score;
*P < 0.001;
†P < 0.0001;
‡P < 0.05;
§P < 0.025.