TABLE 3.
Metabolic characteristics of men and women during OGTT and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp according to the quartiles of GGT
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q 1 | Q 2 | Q 3 | Q 4 | P for trend | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P for trend | |
| Fasting insulinemia (pmol ⋅ L−1) | 23.2 (14.0) | 27.3 (22.0) | 34.0 (25.9) | 34.5 (25.7) | 0.0004 | 23.0 (16.0) | 23.2 (16.0) | 26.2 (19.0) | 31.0 (26.7) | <0.0001 |
| Adiponectin (mg ⋅ L−1) | 6.9 (2.7) | 6.8 (2.4) | 6.2 (2.9) | 5.9 (2.3) | 0.002 | 10.8 (4.1) | 10.2 (3.8) | 9.8 (3.6) | 9.1 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| M/I (μmol ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg FFM−1 ⋅ [nmol ⋅ L−1]−1) | 130.9 (67.7) | 116.8 (85.1) | 95.5 (65.3) | 93.6 (64.2) | <0.0001 | 145.6 (74.2) | 153.4 (76.7) | 142.6 (89.7) | 134.4 (95.6) | 0.001 |
| Basal insulin secretion rate (pmol/min per m2) | 59.8 (26.7) | 71.1 (34.9) | 82.0 (46.3) | 92.9 (40.5) | 0.002 | 66.5 (29.0) | 68.9 (25.5) | 70.7 (29.7) | 84.9 (34.2) | 0.0008 |
| Total insulin secretion during OGTT (nmol/m2) | 34.0 (14.8) | 37.4 (15.2) | 44.3 (18.3) | 46.1 (18.3) | 0.0029 | 37.7 (12.3) | 41.1 (13.2) | 40.5 (12.8) | 46.1 (15.4) | 0.004 |
| Endogenous clearance of insulin during OGTT (L/min per m2) | 1.73 (0.6) | 1.59 (0.6) | 1.40 (0.7) | 1.44 (0.7) | 0.0005 | 1.67 (0.6) | 1.68 (0.6) | 1.60 (0.7) | 1.47 (0.8) | 0.003 |
| Hepatic insulin extraction during OGTT (dimensionless) | 0.65 (0.1) | 0.62 (0.1) | 0.59 (0.2) | 0.58 (0.2) | 0.004 | 0.63 (0.2) | 0.63 (0.2) | 0.62 (0.1) | 0.60 (0.2) | 0.09 |
Data are (median [interquartile range]) unless otherwise indicated. P values are given after adjustment for age, center, physical activity, alcohol intake, and waist circumference. Quartiles of GGT are as follows: men, 7–20, 21–26, 27–36, and >36 IU ⋅ L−1; and women, 5–13, 14–17, 18–23, and >23 IU ⋅ L−1.