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. 2011 Jun 8;2:17–23.

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

The effects of H. hypnale, H. nepa or H. zara venoms (10μg/ml; n=3) on (A) indirect (i.e., nerve mediated) twitches and, (B) direct (i.e., muscle mediated) twitches of the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation.