Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population by prediabetes status*
| Characteristic | Prediabetes absent | Prediabetes present | P† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted sample size | 8,662 | 4,057 | |
| Age (years) | 39.33 ± 0.36 | 51.13 ± 0.61 | <0.0001 |
| Female (%) | 55.67 ± 0.69 | 42.96 ± 1.29 | <0.0001 |
| Smoking categories (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Never smoker | 50.29 ± 1.07 | 42.02 ± 1.02 | |
| Former smoker | 21.03 ± 0.83 | 28.42 ± 0.92 | |
| Current smoker | 28.68 ± 0.99 | 29.55 ± 1.07 | |
| Current drinker (%) | 59.18 ± 1.28 | 49.74 ± 2.00 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | <0.0001 | ||
| <25 | 51.86 ± 0.93 | 33.10 ± 1.27 | |
| 25–29.9 | 31.16 ± 0.71 | 37.61 ± 1.01 | |
| ≥30 | 16.98 ± 0.80 | 29.29 ± 0.90 | |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 79.08 ± 1.28 | 71.40 ± 1.74 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 8.64 ± 0.54 | 14.27 ± 0.89 | |
| Mexican American | 4.99 ± 0.42 | 5.49 ± 0.55 | |
| Others | 7.30 ± 0.88 | 8.84 ± 1.28 | |
| Outdoor physical activity (%) | 54.28 ± 1.14 | 48.07 ± 1.37 | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 22.02 ± 0.84 | 41.14 ± 1.28 | <0.0001 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
| Systolic | 117.89 ± 0.31 | 128.46 ± 0.58 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic | 73.13 ± 0.22 | 76.80 ± 0.27 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 197.19 ± 0.80 | 215.76 ± 1.13 | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 58.10 ± 3.27 | 56.06 ± 2.89 | 0.08 |
| Serum CRP (mg/dL) | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 96.27 ± 0.53 | 87.78 ± 0.58 | <0.0001 |
Data are means ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
*All values presented are weighted to represent the U.S. civilian population, 1988–1994.
†P value represents differences in means (SD) or proportions, using ANOVA or χ2 test.