Table 4.
Factors associated with positive change of students' attitudes toward community health care
| Worthwile | Confidence | |||||
| Positive change†, n(%) | Crude RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)‡ | Positive change†, n(%) | Crude RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)§ | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 302 (61.1) | 1.00 | - | 297 (60.1) | 1.00 | - |
| Female | 86 (57.0) | 0.84 (0.58-1.22) | - | 104 (68.9) | 1.47 (0.99-2.17) | - |
| Training setting | ||||||
| Hospital | 142 (59.9) | 1.00 | - | 136 (57.4) | 1.00 | - |
| Hospital and clinic | 210 (59.2) | 0.97 (0.69-1.35) | - | 231 (65.1) | 1.37 (0.98-1.94) | - |
| Clinic | 36 (67.9) | 1.42 (0.75-2.67) | - | 34 (64.2) | 1.33 (0.72-2.46) | - |
| Lerning Activities | ||||||
| Ambulatroy care | 388 (60.2)/- | - | - | 401 (62.2)/- | - | - |
| Home care | 357 (61.6)/31 (47.7) | 1.76 (1.05-2.94) | 2.06 (1.03-4.12) | 357 (61.6)/44 (67.7) | 0.76 (0.44-1.32) | - |
| Hospital care | 339 (59.9)/49 (62.0) | 0.91 (0.56-1.48) | - | 353 (62.4)/48 (60.8) | 1.07 (0.66-1.73) | - |
| Placement in mobile clinics | 296 (61.3)/92 (56.8) | 1.20 (0.84-1.73) | - | 302 (62.5)/99 (61.1) | 1.06 (0.74-1.53) | - |
| On-call work | 286 (59.3)/102 (62.6) | 0.87 (0.61-1.26) | - | 300 (62.2)/101 (62.0) | 1.01 (0.70-1.46) | - |
| Placement in welfare facilities* | 265 (59.7)/123 (61.2) | 0.94 (0.67-1.32) | - | 281 (63.3)/120 (59.7) | 1.16 (0.83-1.64) | - |
| Health education | 274 (63.6)/114 (53.3) | 1.53 (1.10-2.13) | 1.70 (1.09-2.64) | 283 (65.7)/118 (55.1) | 1.56 (1.11-2.17) | 1.56 (1.08-2.26) |
| Day services | 245 (60.6)/143 (59.3) | 1.06 (0.76-1.46) | - | 259 (64.1)/142 (58.9) | 1.25 (0.90-1.73) | - |
| Health check-ups | 224 (60.9)/164 (59.2) | 1.07 (0.78-1.47) | - | 235 (63.9)/166 (59.9) | 1.18 (0.86-1.63) | - |
| Rihabilitation | 233 (62.3)/155 (57.2) | 1.24 (0.90-1.70) | - | 247 (90.1)/154 (56.8) | 1.48 (1.07-2.04) | 1.26 (0.88-1.79) |
| Vaccination | 158 (62.9)/230 (58.4) | 1.21 (0.88-1.68) | - | 155 (61.8)/246 (62.4) | 0.97 (0.70-1.35) | |
| Number of learning activities | ||||||
| 1-4 items | 12 (40.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 17 (56.7) | 1.00 | - |
| 5-7 items | 141 (62.7) | 2.52 (1.16-5.49) | 0.83 (0.30-2.30) | 137 (60.9) | 1.19 (0.55-2.57) | - |
| 8-11 items | 235 (60.3) | 2.27 (1.07-4.86) | 0.51 (0.18-1.50) | 247 (63.3) | 1.32 (0.62-2.80) | - |
Abbrevation: RR, relative ratio; CI, confidence interval; Worthwhile,I think practicing community health care is worthwhile; Confidence,I am confident about practicing community health care.
* Welfare facilities: welfare institusion or nursing home for the aged.
†The number of the students with higher visual analogue scale score in the post- compared to the pre-questionnaire in each category of gender, training setting and the number of the learning acitivities and the experience/non-experience with each activity.
‡ Adjusted home care, health education, number of learning activities, gender, students' evaluations of the program, and the score of "worthwhile" before the clerkship. § Adjusted health education, health check-ups, gender, students' evaluations of the program, and the score of "confidence" before the clerkship.