Table 3.
Exposure ORs (95% CIs) for autism, by category of distance from residence to the nearest major road at time of birth (n = 563).
| Exposure category | n (cases/controls) | Crude | Adjusteda |
|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 42 m from major road (closest 10%) | 28/30 | 0.80 (0.45–1.41) | 0.71 (0.39–1.26) |
| 42–96 m from major road (10th to 25th percentile) | 54/32 | 1.44 (0.88–2.39) | 1.29 (0.77–2.18) |
| 96–209 m from major road (25th to 50th percentile) | 71/68 | 0.89 (0.59–1.34) | 0.83 (0.55–1.26) |
| > 209 m from major road (further 50%) | 151/129 | Reference | Reference |
a
Model was adjusted for child sex (male vs. female), child race/ethnicity (Hispanic vs. white, black/Asian/other vs. white), maximum education of parents (parent with the highest of four levels: college degree or more education vs. some high school, high school degree, or some college education), maternal age (> 35 years vs. ≤ 35 years), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (mother reported any smoking during pregnancy vs. mother reported no smoking during pregnancy), and freeway distance categories (< 309 m, 309–647 m, 647–1,419 m vs. referent of > 1,419 m).