TABLE 2.

Risk factors for neonatal sensorineural hearing loss

Family history of permanent hearing loss

Craniofacial abnormalities including those involving the external ear

Congenital infections including bacterial meningitis, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, rubella, herpes and syphilis

Physical findings consistent with an underlying syndrome associated with hearing loss

Neonatal intensive care unit stay >2 days OR with any of the following regardless of the duration of stay: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Assisted ventilation Ototoxic drug use Hyperbilirubinemia requiring exchange transfusion

Adapted from references 7 and 8