Figure 1.

Example waveforms of: (a) the wideband (non-vocoded) Chinese sentence and (b) vocoded sentence of: “wo (in tone 3) xue (tone 2) hui (tone 4) kai (tone 1) che (tone 1) le (tone 4),” and (c) relative rms energy of the vocoded sentence expressed in decibel relative to the rms level of the whole utterance. The solid lines shown in (a) and (b) delineate the voiced segments of the six Chinese words wherein the tones reside, while the numbers above the solid lines denote the tones of those words. Dashed lines in (c) show the boundaries of the high-, mid-, and low-level regions used for computing the three-level CSII measures.