Table 3.
Effects of Early Mother-Child Separation on Maternal Parenting Behaviors at Age 3
| Detachment | Sensitivity | Warmth | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE B | β | B | SE B | β | B | SE B | β | |
| Early Separation | -.04 | .04 | -.02 | -.03 | .07 | -.01 | -.04 | .05 | -.02 |
| Child is male | -.00 | .03 | -.00 | .00 | .05 | .00 | -.01 | .04 | -.01 |
| Teen mother | .07 | .04 | .06+ | -.07 | .07 | -.03 | .02 | .05 | .01 |
| Primary language is English | -.01 | .06 | -.01 | .18 | .10 | .07* | -.20 | .08 | -.10* |
| Completed high school/GED | -.13 | .04 | -.11*** | .40 | .06 | .18*** | .22 | .05 | .13*** |
| Black | .11 | .04 | .09** | -.46 | .07 | -.21*** | -.14 | .05 | -.08*** |
| Hispanic | .00 | .06 | .00 | -.09 | .10 | -.04 | -.03 | .08 | -.02 |
| Other ethnicity | -.10 | .08 | -.04 | .11 | .14 | .02 | .10 | .10 | .03 |
| Living with other adults | -.01 | .04 | -.01 | -.07 | .07 | -.03 | -.25 | .06 | -.15*** |
| Living with no other adults | .00 | .04 | .00 | -.08 | .07 | -.04 | -.07 | .06 | -.04 |
| First-born | -.02 | .03 | -.02 | .04 | .06 | .02 | .06 | .04 | .04 |
| Above poverty line | -.03 | .05 | -.02 | .03 | .08 | .01 | .07 | .06 | .03 |
| Program group | -.04 | .03 | -.03 | .11 | .05 | .05* | .06 | .04 | .04 |
| Rapid subsequent birth | .12 | .05 | .07* | -.02 | .08 | -.01 | -.20 | .06 | -.08** |
| Change in marital status | -.08 | .06 | -.04 | .04 | .11 | .01 | .01 | .09 | .00 |
| Change in cohabitation status | .04 | .05 | .03 | -.07 | .08 | -.02 | .03 | .07 | .01 |
| Multiple child care arrangements | -.03 | .03 | -.02 | .02 | .06 | .01 | .01 | .04 | .00 |
| Child has sleep routines | -.01 | .02 | -.01 | .02 | .03 | .02 | .05 | .02 | .06* |
|
| |||||||||
| R2 | .04 | .11 | .08 | ||||||
Note: All variables were entered simultaneously for each model.
+
p < .10
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001