Table 5.
Effects of Early Mother-Child Separation on Children’s Development at Age 5
| Aggression | Negativity | Receptive Vocabulary | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE B | β | B | SE B | β | B | SE B | B | |
| Early separation | .91 | .44 | .05* | -.02 | .04 | -.01 | -.15 | 1.03 | -.00 |
| Child is male | 1.48 | .32 | .11*** | .06 | .03 | .05+ | -1.99 | .77 | -.06* |
| Teen mother | -.45 | .41 | -.03 | -.06 | .04 | -.05 | -1.06 | .99 | -.03 |
| Primary language is English | .24 | .63 | .01 | -.10 | .06 | -.07+ | 4.62 | 1.56 | .12** |
| Completed high school/GED | -.43 | .39 | -.03 | -.01 | .04 | -.01 | 5.12 | .94 | .17*** |
| Black | -3.06 | .42 | -.21*** | -.06 | .04 | -.05 | -8.76 | .96 | -.27*** |
| Hispanic | -2.23 | .62 | -.14*** | -.17 | .06 | -.13** | -3.09 | 1.47 | -.08* |
| Other ethnicity | -1.31 | .85 | -.04 | -.09 | .08 | -.03 | -1.52 | 2.04 | -.02 |
| Living w/ other adults | 1.49 | .47 | .11** | .08 | .04 | .07+ | -1.77 | 1.16 | -.06 |
| Living w/ no other adults | 1.43 | .45 | .10** | .05 | .04 | .04 | -3.02 | 1.13 | -.09** |
| First-born | -.43 | .37 | -.03 | .07 | .03 | .06* | 2.10 | .89 | .07* |
| Above poverty line | .19 | .52 | .01 | -.08 | .05 | -.05+ | 1.64 | 1.25 | .03 |
| Program group | -.11 | .33 | -.01 | -.03 | .03 | -.03 | -.02 | .79 | -.00 |
| Rapid subsequent birth | .05 | .52 | .00 | -.01 | .05 | -.01 | 1.02 | 1.25 | .02 |
| Change in marital status | -.79 | .66 | -.03 | -.06 | .06 | -.03 | 2.22 | 1.62 | .04 |
| Change in cohabitation status | .159 | .53 | -.01 | -.07 | .05 | -.04 | -2.47 | 1.27 | -.06+ |
| Multiple child care arrangements | -.30 | .35 | .02 | -.03 | .03 | -.02 | .97 | .84 | .03 |
| Child has sleep routines | -1.03 | .20 | -.13*** | .02 | .02 | .03 | 1.17 | .48 | .07* |
|
| |||||||||
| R2 | .07 | .02 | .16 | ||||||
Note: All variables were entered simultaneously for each model.
+
p < .10
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001