Figure 3. Overexpressed Ca²⁺-ATPase PMC1 alleviates Al³⁺-induced cell death in yeast.

(A) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of PMC1 expression in transformants. ACT1 was the internal standard. (B) Growth properties of transformed wt and pmc1 mutant strains stressed with Ca²⁺ or Al³⁺. Log-phase cells were diluted in a 10-fold series and spotted on 1/2 SD/Gal-Raf/-Ura plates containing the indicated stresses. The plates were then incubated at 30°C. Photos were taken after three or the indicated number of days of incubation.