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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Feb 26;25(6):1094–1098. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.02.015

Fig. 1. Increased p-p38 MAPK in response to the initial IFN-alpha injection is associated with depression and fatigue during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha.

Fig. 1

The mean increase in percentage of lymphocytes positive for phosphorylated (p)-p38 MAPK at 3 and 5 hours following the initial IFN-alpha injection was significantly higher in patients with MADRS scores ≥15 during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha treatment (A). The mean change from the 9AM baseline to the maximal percentage of lymphocytes positive for p38 MAPK (delta max p-p38) was also significantly higher in subjects with MADRS scores ≥15 versus those with scores <15 during IFN-alpha treatment (B). Delta max p-p38 was positively correlated with MADRS scores (C) and MFI scores (D) at week 4 of IFN-alpha treatment. IFN=interferon, MADRS=Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, max=maximal, MFI=Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, p-p38=phosphorylated-p38. Data are summarized as mean+/−SE, **-p<0.01, ***-p<0.001