Table 1.

Summary of Bifurcation, Fragmentation, and Integration Models of Neighborhood Change

	Bifurcation	Fragmentation	Integration
Diversity trends
Overall	Uneven change	Decreasing diversity	Increasing diversity
Low diversity tracts	Uneven change	Persistence	Instability→high diversity
High diversity tracts	Uneven change	Instability→low diversity	Persistence
White diversity exposure	Low/decreasing	Low/decreasing	High/increasing
Nonwhite diversity exposure	High/increasing	Low/decreasing	High/increasing
Neighborhood transitions
White-dominant	Persistence	Persistence	Instability→W-other
White-shared	Instability→W-dominant	Instability→W-dominant	Instability→W-other
White-other	Instability→no-majority	Instability→BLA-majority	Persistence
BLA-dominant	Instability→BLA-nonwhite	Persistence	Instability→BLA-white
BLA-shared	Instability→BLA-nonwhite	Instability→BLA-dominant	Instability→BLA-white
BLA-white	Instability→BLA-nonwhite	Instability→BLA-dominant	Persistence
BLA-nonwhite	Persistence	Instability→BLA-dominant	Instability→BLA-white
White-no-majority	Instability→BLA-no-majority	Instability→BLA-majority	Persistence
BLA-no-majority	Persistence	Instability→BLA-majority	Persistence
Population distribution
White population shares	Increasing in W-dominant tracts	Increasing in W-dominant tracts	Increasing in group-other tracts
BLA population shares	Increasing in group-other tracts, whites absent	Increasing in BLA-dominant tracts	Increasing in group-other tracts, whites present
Diversity and population dynamics
Diversity levels	Increasing	Decreasing	Increasing
Population change	White decline	BLA-growth	White stability