Table 1.
Species, family | Life stage | Source | Diet |
Delphastus catalinae, Coccinellidae | pupae | laboratory colony* | whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) raised on either collards (Brassica oleracea) or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) devoid of trichome secretion |
Delphastus catalinae, Coccinellidae | adults | laboratory colony or directly from supplier* | same as above |
Pieris napi, Pieridae | larvae (2nd or 3rd instar) | laboratory colony† | collards (Brassica oleracea) |
Pieris virginensis, Pieridae | larvae (2nd to 4th instar) | first-generation progeny of field-collected females‡ | toothwort (Cardamine [Dentaria] spp.) |
Anthocharis midea, Pieridae | larvae (2nd or 3rd instar) | first-generation progeny of field-collected females§ | rockcress (Arabis spp.) |
Agraulis vanilla, Nymphalidae | larvae (1st or 2nd instar) | from eggs obtained from suppliers¶ | passion vine (Passiflora caerulae) |
Megisto cymela, Nymphalidae | larvae (1st instar) | first-generation progeny of field-collected females§ | grass species (Poaceae) |
Schizura ipomoeae, Notodontidae | larvae (2nd or 3rd instar) | first-generation progeny of field-collected females§ | sugar maple (Acer saccharum) |
Schizura unicornis, Notodontidae | larvae (2nd or 3rd instar) | first- and second-generation progeny of field-collected females§ | aspen (Populus tremuloides) |
Schizura leptinoides, Notodontidae | larvae (2nd or 3rd instar) | first-generation progeny of field-collected females§ | shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) |
Heliothis virescens, Noctuidae | larvae (3rd instar) | laboratory colony∥ | wild-type tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) with trichome secretion |
*Established from livestock supplied by Applied Bio-nomics, Ltd.
†Progenitors collected in Vermont.
‡Connecticut and Massachusetts.
§Connecticut.
¶Cockerell Butterfly Center, Houston, Texas and Gulf Coast Butterflies, Naples, Florida.
∥Progenitors purchased from the North Carolina State University Insectary.