Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects stratified by the quartiles of baPWV values
| Baseline characteristics | Quartile 1: ≤1,204 cm/s (n = 573) | Quartile 2: 1,205–1,288 cm/s (n = 569) | Quartile 3: 1,289–1,380 cm/s (n = 568) | Quartile 4: ≥1,381 cm/s (n = 568) | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (n) | 44 ± 6 | 45 ± 6 | 47 ± 6 | 48 ± 6 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 2.6 | 23.5 ± 2.7 | 23.9 ± 2.9 | 23.8 ± 2.8 | <0.01 |
| Smoking (yes) (n, %) | 291 (50.7%) | 294 (51.7%) | 281 (49.5%) | 298 (52.5%) | 0.77 |
| Alcohol (yes) (n, %) | 404 (70.5%) | 417 (73.3%) | 392 (69.0%) | 427 (75.2%) | 0.09 |
| Exercise (≥1/week) (n, %) | 288 (50.2%) | 250 (43.9%) | 266 (46.8%) | 231 (40.7%) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 1 (0.2%) | 6 (1.1%) | 10 (1.8%) | 23 (4.0%) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 15 (2.6%) | 13 (2.3%) | 25 (4.4%) | 35 (6.2%) | <0.01 |
| Family history of hypertension (n, %) | 58 (10.1%) | 87 (15.3%) | 81 (14.3%) | 91 (16.0%) | <0.05 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 58 ± 8 | 60 ± 9 | 61 ± 10 | 65 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110 ± 8 | 115 ± 8 | 118 ± 9 | 123 ± 8 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69 ± 7 | 73 ± 7 | 75 ± 7 | 79 ± 6 | <0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 125 ± 31 | 125 ± 31 | 128 ± 30 | 128 ± 33 | 0.19 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 57 ± 14 | 56 ± 14 | 56 ± 14 | 56 ± 14 | 0.22 |
| Triglyceridea (mg/dL) | 90 (66–130) | 101 (70–150) | 108 (76–151) | 120 (84–167) | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 89 ± 10 | 92 ± 13 | 93 ± 14 | 99 ± 25 | <0.001 |
Unless indicated otherwise, data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD)
aTriglyceride is expressed as a median and interquartile range (IQR) due to its skewed distribution