Table 2.
Distribution of demographic, clinical, and laboratory features between severe and mild leptospirosis cases during hospitalization and at the first visit
| Variables | Mild cases (n = 15) n (%) or mean ± SD |
Severe cases (n = 32) n (%) or mean ± SD |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Gender – male | 12 (80%) | 28 (87%) | 0.2 |
| Age, years | 26.0 ± 14 | 41 ± 16 | 0.006 |
| Acute phase | |||
| Days of hospitalization | 6.5 ± 3.4 | 15 ± 9 | 0.0003 |
| Jaundice | 0 | 28 (88%) | - |
| Renal failure | 0 | 22 (69%) | - |
| Pulmonary involvement | 0 | 13 (41%) | - |
| Shock | 0 | 5 (16%) | - |
| Requirement of ICU as inpatient | 0 | 16 (50%) | - |
| Platelet count (× 109/l) | 179.150 ± 89.499 | 101.838 ± 75.628 | 0.004 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.1 ± 1.6 | 10.7 ± 2.2 | 0.02 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 2.7 | 0.002 |
| Serum total bilirubin (mg/dl) | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 14.0 ± 10.5 | 0.001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/l) | 79 ± 43 | 95.0 ± 91.0 | 0.2 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/l) | 67 ± 33 | 103.0 ± 65.0 | 0.07 |
| Follow-up features (first visit) | |||
| Days between discharge and reexamination | 24 ± 14.0 | 21.0 ± 11.0 | 0.5 |
| Platelet count (×109/l) | 305.416 ± 298.000 | 306.535 ± 123.430 | 0.52 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.5 ± 0.9 | 11.7 ± 1.5 | 0.14 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 1 ± 0 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Total serum bilirubin (mg/dl) | 1 ± 0 | 2.5 ± 2.3 | 0.003 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/l) | 37 ± 25 | 44 ± 30 | 0.2 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/l) | 26 ± 14 | 34 ± 14 | 0.2 |
ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation.