Table 4.
Individual Symptom Scores and Prevalence Rates by Adherence Group in Order of Effect Size (N = 302)
| Individual Symptom | High Adherence (scores 9–10) | Moderate Adherence (scores 11–16) | Low Adherence (scores > 16) | Statistic | Effect size (η2,eta squared) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 100) | (n = 114) | (n = 88) | |||
| (M ± SD) | (M ± SD) | (M ± SD) | |||
| Vomiting | 0.05 ± 0.32 (4%) | 0.07 ± 0.32 (6%) | 0.40 ± 0.86 (19%) | F(2,297) = 11.3, p < .001a | .076 |
| Difficulty sleeping | 1.12 ± 1.35 (45%) | 1.17 ± 1.19 (54%) | 1.94 ± 1.39 (73%) | F(2,299) = 11.5, p < .001a | .072 |
| Change in food tastes | 0.05 ± 0.31 (3%) | 0.09 ± 0.41 (5%) | 0.42 ± 0.97 (17%) | F(2,299) = 10.0, p < .001a | .063 |
| Hair loss | 0.12 ± 0.56 (5%) | 0.06 ± 0.37 (4%) | 0.50 ± 1.17 (17%) | F(2,299) = 9.7, p < .001a | .061 |
| Difficulty concentrating | 0.72 ± 1.02 (39%) | 1.13 ± 1.16 (54%) | 1.41 ± 1.23 (62%) | F(2,298) = 8.9, p < .001b | .056 |
| Weight loss | 0.04 ± 0.22 (3%) | 0.15 ± 0.61 (7%) | 0.41 ± 1.00 (17%) | F(2,298) = 7.5, p = .001a | .048 |
| Lack of appetite | 0.48 ± 1.03 (21%) | 0.67 ± 1.12 (30%) | 1.10 ± 1.33 (47%) | F(2,298) = 6.9, p = .001a | .044 |
| Feeling sad | 0.66 ± 1.06 (36%) | 1.03 ± 1.15 (50%) | 1.24 ± 1.29 (53%) | F(2,297) = 5.9, p = .003c | .039 |
| Difficulty swallowing | 0.06 ± 0.47 (2%) | 0.13 ± 0.47 (9%) | 0.39 ± 1.04 (15%) | F(2,294) = 5.8, p = .003a | .038 |
| Swelling of arms or legs | 0.07 ± 0.38 (4%) | 0.09 ± 0.55 (4%) | 0.35 ± 0.93 (15%) | F(2,299) = 5.7, p = .004a | .037 |
| Shortness of breath | 0.37 ± 0.88 (17%) | 0.37 ± 0.81 (20%) | 0.78 ± 1.20 (34%) | F(2,296) = 5.6, p = .004a | .037 |
| Feeling irritable | 0.81 ± 1.17 (39%) | 1.03 ± 1.10 (53%) | 1.38 ± 1.32 (59%) | F(2,295) = 5.4, p = .005c | .036 |
| Constipation | 0.20 ± 0.67 (10%) | 0.33 ± 0.82 (17%) | 0.61 ± 1.11 (27%) | F(2,299) = 5.4, p = .005c | .035 |
| Don’t look like oneself | 0.25 ± 0.83 (10%) | 0.26 ± 0.82 (11%) | 0.66 ± 1.27 (24%) | F(2,298) = 5.2, p = .006a | .034 |
| Dizziness | 0.11 ± 0.49 (6%) | 0.34 ± 0.71 (21%) | 0.46 ± 1.03 (20%) | F(2,295) = 5.2, p = .006c | .034 |
| Pain | 1.09 ± 1.34 (44%) | 1.41 ± 1.31 (59%) | 1.72 ± 1.44 (64%) | F(2,296) = 5.0, p = .007c | .033 |
| Problems with urination | 0.21 ± 0.69 (10%) | 0.30 ± 0.84 (13%) | 0.61 ± 1.19 (24%) | F(2,298) = 5.0, p = .008c | .032 |
| Lack of energy | 1.40 ± 1.28 (62%) | 1.37 ± 1.18 (63%) | 1.86 ± 1.44 (75%) | F(2,298) = 4.6, p = .011a | .030 |
| Worrying | 0.82 ± 1.21 (36%) | 1.26 ± 1.25 (56%) | 1.35 ± 1.51 (49%) | F(2,297) = 4.5, p = .011c | .030 |
| Numb/tingling hands/feet | 0.92 ± 1.40 (34%) | 1.06 ± 1.32 (43%) | 1.46 ± 1.41 (57%) | F(2,296) = 3.9, p = .022c | .025 |
Note. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; Symptom scores (M ± SD) were computed as the mean of frequency, severity, and distress ratings; absent symptoms had a score of 0. Symptom prevalence rates (%) in each adherence group are also included (e.g., 73% of those with low adherence reported difficulty sleeping). Statistics and effect sizes are based on comparisons of the symptom scores.
The following 12 symptoms were unrelated to adherence: mouth sores, changes in skin, sweats, nausea, itching, cough, feeling drowsy, dry mouth, diarrhea, feeling nervous, sexual problems, and feeling bloated.
Low adherence group differed from the High and Moderate adherence groups
High adherence group differed from the Moderate and Low adherence groups
High adherence group differed from the Low adherence group