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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 18.
Published in final edited form as: Methods Mol Biol. 2011;709:91–104. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61737-982-6_6

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

A representative example of preload reduction via IVC occlusion during left ventricular catheterization. (a) Pressure tracing during IVC occlusion. (b) Volume tracing during IVC occlusion. (c) PV loops from IVC occlusion. The top dotted line can be used to determine ESPVR: Pes. In this example, ESPVR: Pes=4.18 × Ves+11.95. The bottom dotted line can be used to determine EDPVR: Ped. In this example, EDPVR: Ped=0.26 × Ved+2.23. EDPVR end-diastolic pressure volume reserve; ESPVR end-systolic pressure volume reserve; Ped end-diastolic pressure; Pes end-systolic pressure; Ved end-diastolic volume; Ves end-systolic volume. (d) Preload recruitable stroke work (SW) graph from IVC occlusion. In this example, SW=89.63 × Ved−5.90. Vmax, maximum volume.