Table 3.
Complications in patients who underwent laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
| No. of patients (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | LNUX with neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 26 |
LNUX without neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 56 |
P value |
| Complications | |||
| Overall | 15 (58) | 25 (45) | 0.344 |
| Intraoperative | 2 (8) | 2 (4) | 0.588 |
| Postoperative | 14 (54) | 24 (43) | 0.476 |
| Major postoperative complicationa | 1 (4) | 3 (5) | 1 |
| Highest complication gradeb | |||
| Grade 0 | 12 (46) | 32 (57) | |
| Grade 1 | 7 (30) | 11 (20) | |
| Grade 2 | 6 (23) | 10 (18) | |
| Grade 3 | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | |
| Grade 4 | 1 (4) | 1 (2) | |
| Grade 5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| No. of complications (%) | |||
| LNUX with neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 20 | LNUX without neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 32 | ||
| Complication | |||
| Intraoperative | 2 (10) | 2 (6) | 1 |
| Vascular injury | 2 | 0 | |
| Pleural injury | 0 | 1 | |
| Pancreatic injury | 0 | 1 | |
| Wound dehiscence | 1 (5) | 1 (3) | 1 |
| Bleeding | 5 (25) | 5 (16) | 0.480 |
| Transfusion(s) | 4 | 5 | |
| Hematoma | 1 | 0 | |
| Genitourinary | 5 (25) | 5 (16) | 0.480 |
| UTI | 1 | 3 | |
| Testicular hydrocele | 2 | 0 | |
| Testicular pain | 1 | 0 | |
| Hematuria | 1 | 0 | |
| Urine retention | 0 | 1 | |
| Acute renal failure | 0 | 1 | |
| GI | 2 (10) | 4 (13) | 1 |
| Ileusc | 1 | 1 | |
| Post-discharge vomiting | 1 | 2 | |
| Pancreatitis | 0 | 1 | |
| Cardiovascular | 1 (5) | 3 (9) | 0.652 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 1 | |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 1 | 0 | |
| MI | 0 | 1 | |
| Lymphatic leak | 0 | 1 | |
| Respiratory | 0 (0) | 3 (9) | 0.276 |
| Pneumonia | 0 | 1 | |
| Pulmonary edema | 0 | 1 | |
| Respiratory failure | 0 | 1 | |
| Miscellaneous | 4 (20) | 9 (28) | 0.743 |
| Rash | 0 | 2 | |
| Mental status changes | 0 | 2 | |
| Other | 4 | 5 | |
| Complication gradeb | |||
| 1 | 9 (45) | 14 (44) | |
| 2 | 8 (40) | 12 (38) | |
| 3 | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | |
| 4 | 1 (5) | 2 (6) | |
| 5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Note: All data are presented as no. of patients (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: UTI, urinary tract infection; GI, gastrointestinal; MI, myocardial infarction.
a
Clavien grade 3–5.
b
Not including intraoperative complications.
c
Pronounced postoperative nausea or vomiting requiring the withholding of oral food and fluid and/or the insertion of a nasogastric tube.