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. 2011 Feb 16;4(4):456–467. doi: 10.1038/mi.2011.6

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Copyright © 2011 Society for Mucosal Immunology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

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Migration of dendritic cells (DCs) from the pinnae to the nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NALT) after transcutaneous immunization (TCI) and discrimination of cutaneous DC cell type. Presence of CD11c⁺CFSE⁺ cells in the NALT after TCI with (a) dmLT alone, (b) rsPilA+dmLT, (c) LB1+dmLT, or (d) chimV4+dmLT was detected by flow cytometry. Numbers in each box represent the percentage of CFSE⁺ cells within each sample. (e) CFSE⁺ cells were identified to be DC-SIGN⁺ dermal DCs. (f) Bone marrow-derived DCs activated with chimV4+dmLT ex vivo and then injected subdermally into pinnae migrated to the NALT, whereas dmLT-activated DCs did not (inset). CFSE, carboxyfluoroscein succinimidyl ester; dmLT, double mutant of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin; FSC, forward scatter; rsPilA, recombinant soluble PilA.