Table 1.
Groups | Temp. | pH | E.C. | TH | TDS | Cl − | NH4-N | NO3-N | SO42− | TOC | Fe2+ | Mn2+ | |
North | Min | 18.2 | 3.6 | 70.0 | 5.5 | 44.5 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.2 | N.D. a | N.D. a |
(n = 1,796) | Median | 25.2 | 6.4 | 498.0 | 176.0 | 318.0 | 19.4 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 55.8 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Max | 30.5 | 9.9 | 27,200.0 | 4,890.0 | 24,800.0 | 11,300.0 | 55.2 | 24.8 | 1,330.0 | 91.8 | 140.0 | 12.9 | |
Mean | 25.2 | 6.4 | 695.7 | 209.0 | 463.1 | 84.6 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 73.9 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 0.5 | |
S.D. | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1,682.2 | 229.9 | 1,223.0 | 602.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 91.2 | 3.2 | 7.6 | 1.1 | |
South | Min | 22.0 | 5.5 | 168.0 | 32.4 | 120.0 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.1 | N.D. a | N.D. a |
(n = 2,013) | Median | 27.2 | 7.0 | 899.0 | 378.0 | 591.0 | 34.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 100.0 | 1.5 | 0.18 | 0.4 |
Max | 32.4 | 10.5 | 82,300.0 | 14,400.0 | 64,200.0 | 31,900.0 | 37.4 | 65.4 | 5,420.0 | 9.7 | 16.6 | 8.0 | |
Mean | 27.3 | 7.0 | 3,857.0 | 717.5 | 2,726.3 | 1,138.8 | 1.1 | 2.6 | 250.9 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | |
S.D. | 1.2 | 0.4 | 10,507.6 | 1,338.1 | 7,787.2 | 3,983.6 | 2.56 | 5.1 | 560.5 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 0.8 | |
Total | Min | 18.2 | 3.6 | 70.0 | 5.5 | 44.5 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.1 | N.D. a | N.D. a |
(n = 3,809) | Median | 26.5 | 6.8 | 668.0 | 273.0 | 442.0 | 23.9 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 72.9 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
Max | 32.4 | 10.5 | 82,300.0 | 14,400.0 | 64,200.0 | 31,900.0 | 55.2 | 65.4 | 5,420.0 | 91.8 | 140.0 | 12.9 | |
Mean | 26.3 | 6.7 | 2,366.4 | 477.7 | 1,659.2 | 641.7 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 167.5 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 0.5 | |
S.D. | 1.7 | 0.6 | 7,884.2 | 1,017.6 | 5,832.9 | 2972.0 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 421.6 | 2.4 | 5.4 | 0.9 | |
MDL | – | – | – | 5 | – | 1.6 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 0.005 | 0.005 | |
< N.D.(n) a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 853 | 444 | 32 | 1 | 310 | 589 | |
Groups | Na+ | K+ | Ca2+ | Mg2+ | Alk | As b | Cd b | Cr b | Cu b | Pb b | Zn b | ||
North | Min | 2.6 | 0.1 | 0.57 | N.D. | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | |
(n = 1,796) | Median | 23.6 | 2.8 | 45.70 | 13.3 | 141.5 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.020 | |
Max | 7,380.0 | 257.0 | 308.00 | 742.0 | 744.0 | 0.185 | 0.018 | 0.022 | 0.211 | 0.082 | 7.980 | ||
Mean | 65.6 | 5.1 | 52.77 | 18.9 | 157.3 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.050 | ||
S.D. | 359.3 | 13.3 | 38.53 | 39.0 | 104.6 | 0.010 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.207 | ||
South | Min | 1.9 | 0.1 | 4.29 | 0.4 | 11.1 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | |
(n = 2,013) | Median | 39.1 | 4.5 | 106.00 | 24.6 | 299.0 | 0.002 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.003 | |
Max | 15,200.0 | 1,040.0 | 630.00 | 3,070.0 | 1,030.0 | 0.191 | 0.009 | 0.032 | 0.484 | 0.104 | 0.334 | ||
Mean | 618.5 | 30.0 | 125.80 | 93.0 | 308.4 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.007 | ||
S.D. | 2,054.4 | 91.1 | 84.00 | 268.6 | 137.1 | 0.019 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.005 | 0.015 | ||
Total | Min | 1.9 | 0.1 | 0.57 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | |
(n = 3,809) | Median | 28.2 | 3.4 | 78.40 | 17.6 | 219.0 | 0.001 | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | N.D. a | 0.007 | |
Max | 15,200.0 | 1,040.0 | 630.00 | 3,070.0 | 1,030.0 | 0.191 | 0.018 | 0.032 | 0.484 | 0.104 | 7.980 | ||
Mean | 357.8 | 18.3 | 91.37 | 58.0 | 237.1 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.027 | ||
S.D. | 1,538.5 | 68.0 | 75.87 | 200.5 | 144.2 | 0.016 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.144 | ||
MDL | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | ||
< N.D.(n) a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 1,553 | 3,457 | 3,539 | 3,336 | 3,429 | 838 |
N.D. represents values are lower than method detection limit (MDL);
Values for constituents lower than MDL were replaced with MDL/2.