Table 1.
Near-infrared spectroscopy derived [HHb,] [HbO2,] and [Hbtot] dynamics during a maximal-graded CPX test following supplementation with BR or PL
| PL | BR | |
|---|---|---|
| [HHb] | ||
| Baseline (AU) | −1.38 ± 3.45 | −2.25 ± 3.64 |
| Stage One/100 s (AU) | 9.34 ± 5.41 | 5.25 ± 4.99* |
| Stage Two/220 s (AU) | 11.99 ± 6.27 | 5.53 ± 5.37* |
| Amplitudes at COT (AU) | 10.39 ± 6.08 | 7.29 ± 6.21† |
| Amplitude at PWT (AU) | 11.76 ± 9.42 | 6.04 ± 10.20† |
| [HbO2] | ||
| Baseline (AU) | −4.03 ± 7.42 | 2.60 ± 3.55 |
| Stage One/100 s (AU) | −17.48 ± 12.58 | −10.09 ± 10.00 |
| Stage Two/220 s (AU) | −17.98 ± 13.32 | −9.55 ± 12.52* |
| Amplitudes at COT (AU) | −17.55 ± 13.08 | −10.28 ± 11.57 |
| Amplitude at PWT (AU) | −17.41 ± 13.44 | −9.14 ± 13.01* |
| [Hbtot] | ||
| Baseline (AU) | −0.89 ± 9.35 | 2.60 ± 3.55 |
| Stage One/100 s (AU) | −20.59 ± 9.14 | −7.42 ± 11.76* |
| Stage Two/220 s (AU) | −20.24 ± 10.764 | −5.60 ± 14.02* |
| Amplitudes at COT (AU) | −7.15 ± 17.06 | −2.96 ± 14.31 |
| Amplitude at PWT (AU) | −5.65 ± 17.45 | −3.09 ± 12.28* |
Values are mean ± SD. HHb, deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration; HbO2, oxyhemoglobin concentration; Hbtot, total hemoglobin concentration; AU, arbitrary units; COT, claudication onset time; PWT, peak walk time; CPX, cardiopulmonary exercise; BR, beetroot; PL, placebo.
*
significantly different from PL group, P ≤ 0.05;
†
significantly different from PL group, P ≤ 0.01.