Table 1.
Characteristics of the sample
| Adolescents | N | Mean | Median | SD | Minimum | Maximum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 271 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 1.96 | 10.0 | 17.0 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 269 | 24.1 | 23.1 | 5.29 | 13.6 | 43.5 | |
| Triglyceride level (mg/dL) | 259 | 87.2 | 76 | 44.20 | 25 | 259 | |
| Cholesterol level (mg/dL) | 259 | 159.5 | 156 | 28.93 | 100 | 251 | |
| Ravens (RPM) | 268 | 54.2 | 57 | 26.48 | 1 | 99 | |
| TOMAL: | |||||||
| Verbal Memory (VMIS) | 269 | 99.2 | 100 | 11.56 | 66 | 138 | |
| Nonverbal Memory (NMIS) | 269 | 101.0 | 101 | 12.05 | 62 | 133 | |
| Delayed Recall (DRIS) | 269 | 99.7 | 100 | 8.36 | 72 | 120 | |
| Composite Memory (CMIS) | 269 | 100.3 | 101 | 10.36 | 65 | 137 | |
| Woodcock Johnson - Revised (WJ-R) | |||||||
| Broad Cognitive Ability Extended (BCAE) | 236 | 100.7 | 100 | 12.41 | 66 | 135 | |
| Long Term Retrieval (LTR) | 269 | 106.2 | 106 | 12.71 | 75 | 147 | |
| Short Term Memory (STM) | 266 | 99.0 | 97 | 12.97 | 54 | 152 | |
| Processing Speed (PSD) | 268 | 100.4 | 100 | 14.78 | 62 | 141 | |
| Auditory Processing (APG) | 263 | 95.6 | 95 | 12.15 | 68 | 139 | |
| Visual Processing (VPG) | 269 | 114.7 | 114 | 13.13 | 77 | 160 | |
| Comprehension-Knowledge (CKN) | 250 | 95.3 | 94 | 12.02 | 67 | 135 | |
| Fluid Reasoning (FRG) | 258 | 102.8 | 101 | 13.14 | 70 | 142 | |
|
Mothers | |||||||
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | 269 | 29.5 | 28.8 | 6.07 | 16.3 | 56.0 | |
| Maternal Broad Cognitive Ability Standard | 249 | 95.3 | 95 | 10.74 | 70 | 126 | |
| Socioeconomic Status Index | 271 | 24.5 | 25 | 5.61 | 9 | 37 | |
| Number of Social Problems Reported | 269 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.80 | 0 | 4 | |
| Gravidity | 269 | 2.2 | 2 | 1.39 | 1 | 8 | |
| Cigarette Use during Pregnancy (#/day) | 269 | 2.7 | 0 | 6.55 | 0 | 40 | |
| Breastfeeding Duration (weeks) | 269 | 6.4 | 0 | 12.77 | 0 | 51.2 | |