Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were treated with 1 μg/ml SAA for 16 hours and analyzed for surface markers of maturation (A) and secretion of TH17-polarizing mediators (B). The conditioned media from control or SAA-exposed BMDCs (C) or fresh media with or without SAA (D) was transferred to CD4+ T cells that were polyclonally stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. After 96 hours, IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17A were measured in supernatants. Data are representative of three independent experiments. * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.005, and *** = p<0.001 compared to control exposures.