TABLE 3A.

Effects of adenosinergic drugs on learning and memory in normal animals: CCPA (2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine), SCH 58261 ({7-(2-phenylethyl)-5-amino-2-(2-furyl)-pyrazolo-[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5c]-pyrimidine}), ZM 241385 (4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl{1,2,4}-triazolo{2,3a}-{1,3,5}triazin-5-yl-amino]ethyl)phenol), 8-PT (8-phenyltheophylline); the full names of the other drugs are provided in Table 1. ↓ / ↑: impairs / enhances memory performance; ↔ no effect. * indicates that the direction of caffeine's effect on retention of inhibitory avoidance learning was dependent on whether the drug was administered before (leading to retention impairment) or after (leading to retention enhancement) the learning phase of the experiment.

• Adenosinergic drugs on memory functions in non-pathological models
Associative learning	Adenosinergic action	Drug	Effects on memory performance	References
• Active avoidance	A1R agonist	L-PIA	↓	Haraguchi and Kuribara, 1991
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	#x2191;	Yonkov, 1984
• Contextual conditoning	A1R agonist	CPA	↓	Corodimas and Tomita, 2001
• Eyeblink conditioning	A2AR antagonist	SCH 58261	↓	Fontinha et al., 2009
• Inhibitory avoidance	A1R agonist	CCPA	↓	Pereira et al., 2005
		CPA	↓	Normile and Barraco, 1991
		CGS 21680	↓	Pereira et al., 2005
	A1R antagonist	CPX	↔	Von Lubitz et al., 1993
		DPCPX	#x2191;	Pereira et al., 2002
			↔	Pereira et al., 2005
			↔	Prediger et al., 2005d
			↔	Kopf et al., 1999
			↔	Normile and Barraco, 1991
	A2AR antagonist	SCH 58261	#x2191;	Kopf et al., 1999
		ZM 241385	↔	Pereira et al., 2005
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	↑ / ↓ *	Angeluccci et al., 1999
			#x2191;	Kopf et al., 1999
				Cestari and Castellano, 1996
• Passive avoidance	A1R agonist	CHA	↓	Tabata et al., 2001
				Homayoun et al., 2001
				Zarrindast and Shafaghi, 1994
		CPA	↓	Tabata et al., 2001
		R-PIA	↓	Homayoun et al., 2001
				Zarrindast and Shafaghi, 1994
				Suzuki et al., 1993
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Theophylline	↓	Zarrindast and Shafaghi, 1994
		8-PT	↓
		Caffeine	#x2191;
• Active avoidance learning	A1R agonist	CPA	↓	Martin et al., 1993
		R-PIA	↓
	A2R agonist	CV-1808	↓
	A1R/A2R agonist	NECA	↓
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	↓	Zimmerberg et al., 1991
			#x2191;	Haraguchi and Kuribara, 1991

Spatial reference memory	Adenosinergic action	Drug	Effects on memory performance	References
• Morris water maze	A1R agonist	CPA	#x2191;	Von Lubitz et al., 1993
	A1R antagonist	CPX	↓
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	#x2191;	Angelucci et al., 2002
				Prediger et al., 2005e
• Water multiple-alley maze			↓	Kant, 1993
• Radial arm maze		Theophylline	#x2191;	Hauberand Bareiss, 2001

Working memory	Adenosinergic action	Drug	Effects on memory performance	References
• Delayed alternation	A2AR agonist	DPMA	↔	Fraser et al., 1997
	A1R antagonist	CPX	↔
• Three-panel runway setup	A2AR agonist	CPA	↓	Ohno and Watanabe, 1996
		CGS 21680	↔
• Non-matching to sample	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	↔	Furusawa, 1991
• Radial arm maze		Theophylline	↔	Hauber and Bareiss, 2001

Recognition memory	Adenosinergic action	Drug	Effects on memory performance	References
• Social recognition	A2AR agonist	DPMA	↓	Prediger et al., 2005a
	A1R antagonist	CCPA	↓
		DPCPX	#x2191;
	A2AR antagonist	ZM 241385	#x2191;
	A1R/A2R antagonist	Caffeine	#x2191;