Table S1.
Maternal, Family, and Child Characteristics Associated* with Mouth-Breathing, Snoring, or Apnea at 1.5, 4.75, and 6.75 years (“Always” vs. “Not Always”), Odds Ratios (95% CIs) of Subsample with SDB Data for 7/7 Timepoints
| Covariates Habitual # Case/Total # | 1.5 years |
4.75 years |
6.75 years |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouth-Breathing 63/5022 | Snoring 129/5249 | Apnea 64/4894 | Mouth-Breathing 280/4930 | Snoring 324/5122 | Apnea 70/4724 | Mouth-Breathing 273/4743 | Snoring 261/4901 | Apnea 60/4423 | |
| Maternal and Family Characteristics: | |||||||||
| Maternal Smoking, Ever | 1.00 (0.60,1.66) | 0.75 (0.52,1.08) | 0.81 (0.49,1.36) | 1.03 (0.81,1.32) | 1.02 (0.81,1.28) | 2.07 (1.26,3.40) | 1.11 (0.86,1.42) | 1.15 (0.89,1.48) | 1.42 (0.84,2.41) |
| Race (Other v. White) | 3.20 (0.75,13.77) | 3.69 (1.42,9.59) | 2.58 (0.60,11.06) | 0.57 (0.14,2.34) | 1.25 (0.49,3.15) | † | 1.56 (0.55,4.42) | 0.29 (0.04,2.12) | † |
| Housing, Inadequate (Yes v. No) | 0.92 (0.35,2.41) | 1.60 (0.91,2.79) | 1.01 (0.42,2.42) | 1.67 (1.18,2.37) | 1.19 (0.84,1.70) | 1.71 (0.89,3.29) | 1.61 (1.12,2.32) | 1.72 (1.20,2.47) | 1.68 (0.82,3.46) |
| Paternal Employment, Manual v. Professional | 1.19 (0.70,2.02) | 1.18 (0.81,1.72) | 1.55 (0.91,2.65) | 1.41 (1.09,1.83) | 1.25 (0.98,1.60) | 0.85 (0.51,1.44) | 1.30 (0.99,1.70) | 1.30 (0.99,1.71) | 1.32 (0.76,2.29) |
| Maternal Education, Lower v. Higher | 1.82 (1.01,3.29) | 2.00 (1.31,3.04) | 1.77 (0.99,3.17) | 1.48 (1.12,1.96) | 1.27 (0.99,1.64) | 1.07 (0.63,1.83) | 1.41 (1.06,1.86) | 1.06 (0.80,1.41) | 0.87 (0.49,1.55) |
| Other Child: | |||||||||
| 1 v. 0 | 1.50 (0.87,2.57) | 0.77 (0.53,1.13) | 0.81 (0.48,1.38) | 0.73 (0.57,0.95) | 0.95 (0.75,1.20) | 0.57 (0.34,0.95) | 0.57 (0.44,0.74) | 1.06 (0.81,1.38) | 1.25 (0.73,1.27) |
| > 1 v. 0 | 1.05 (0.23,4.80) | 1.72 (0.83,3.53) | 1.53 (0.53,4.39) | 0.70 (0.37,1.34) | 1.03 (0.57,1.86) | 1.42 (0.56,3.64) | 1.05 (0.60,1.85) | 1.45 (0.81,2.59) | 1.05 (0.29,3.87) |
| Child Characteristics: | |||||||||
| Gestational Age, (Continuous, in weeks) | 1.01 (0.85,1.20) | 0.95 (0.85,1.06) | 0.87 (0.74,1.02) | 0.98 (0.90,1.06) | 1.00 (0.93,1.08) | 1.08 (0.91,1.29) | 1.00 (0.92,1.09) | 1.03 (0.95,1.13) | 2.21 (0.99,1.46) |
| Gender (Male v. Female) | 1.76 (1.04,2.99) | 1.55 (1.07,2.24) | 0.73 (0.44,1.21) | 1.03 (0.81,1.32) | 0.85 (0.68,1.07) | 0.79 (0.49,1.28) | 1.17 (0.91,1.51) | 0.86 (0.66,1.11) | 0.86 (0.51,1.46) |
| Breastfed (No v. Yes) | 1.51 (0.85,2.66) | 1.21 (0.80,1.84) | 0.97 (0.53,1.78) | 1.18 (0.88,1.58) | 1.12 (0.85,1.48) | 1.29 (0.73,2.29) | 1.51 (1.13,2.02) | 1.34 (0.99,1.81) | 1.36 (0.75,2.49) |
| Adenoids Removed | ‡ | ‡ | ‡ | 0.44 (0.23,0.87) | 0.28 (0.16,0.49) | 0.26 (0.09,0.74) | 0.35 (0.21,0.60) | 0.36 (0.21,0.66) | 0.51 (0.16,1.57) |
| Wheezing Days | 0.95 (0.87,1.04) | 1.07 (1.03,1.10) | 1.09 (1.05,1.14) | 1.04 (1.02,1.06) | 1.05 (1.03,1.07) | 1.08 (1.04,1.12) | 1.06 (1.03,1.09) | 1.06 (1.03,1.09) | 1.10 (1.06,1.14) |
*
Only ORs (95% CIs) for putative risk factors significantly associated with ≥1 outcome measure in analyses of full sample data are shown (i.e., not the sample subset with BMI Z score change data at 0.5-1.5 years and 1.5-3.5 years).
†
Race not included in these models as the reported race for all children with SDB “Always” symptoms at these timepoints is White.
‡
N/A because history of adenoidectomy was not assessed at 1.5 years.