Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics and other parameters in the study population
Variables | Diabetes |
Healthy |
|
---|---|---|---|
n = 18 | n = 18 | P | |
Age (years) | 61 ± 4 | 67 ± 1 | 0.165 |
Sex | NS | ||
Male | 4 | 4 | |
Female | 14 | 14 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 32.3 ± 1.6 | 27.3 ± 1.4 | 0.024 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 108 ± 4 | 93 ± 4 | 0.013 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 120 ± 14 | 84 ± 3 | 0.016 |
Insulin (μU/mL) | 17 ± 1 | 8 ± 1 | 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 5.00 ± 0.51 | 1.66 ± 0.24 | 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 100 ± 11 | 80 ± 9 | 0.157 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51 ± 3 | 72 ± 4 | 0.002 |
Serum CML (units/mL) | 17.4 ± 1.1 | 12 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |
Serum MG (nmol/mL) | 2.6 ± 0.10 | 1.1 ± 0.06 | 0.001 |
Intracellular CML (units/mg) | 7.9 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 2.3 | 0.005 |
Intracellular MG (nmol/mg) | 0.87 ± 0.28 | 0.70 ± 0.38 | 0.148 |
8-Isoprostane (pg/mL) | 234 ± 14 | 130 ± 11 | 0.033 |
Plasma leptin (ng/mL) | 36 ± 3.6 | 15 ± 2.7 | 0.001 |
Plasma adiponectin (µg/mL) | 7 ± 0.5 | 16 ± 2.6 | 0.004 |
AGER1 (mRNA) | 133 ± 11 | 225 ± 28 | 0.011 |
RAGE (mRNA) | 532 ± 77 | 464 ± 67 | 0.511 |
SIRT1 (mRNA) | 282 ± 27 | 378 ± 27 | 0.029 |
p66shc (mRNA) | 113 ± 20 | 66 ± 6 | 0.047 |
NOX p47phox (mRNA) | 220 ± 24 | 125 ± 19 | 0.026 |
TNF-α (ng/mg protein in PMNCs) | 18.5 ± 0.8 | 10 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |
Caloric intake (kcal/day) | 2,329 ± 248 | 2,120 ± 215 | 0.934 |
AGE intake (AGE Eq/day) | 23 ± 3 | 18 ± 1.3 | 0.135 |
Creatinine clearance* | 92 ± 7 | 98 ± 4 | 0.431 |
Continuous data are expressed as mean ± SEM and categoric data as n. P values reflect differences between means of diabetic and healthy subjects at baseline. NS, not significant.
*Calculated as mL/min/1.73 m2.