Table 2.
Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Menopausal Status in the Concurrent Year and Other Factors Associated with the Development of Any, Stress and Urge Monthly or More Urinary Incontinence
| Any Incontinence* | Stress Incontinence† | Urge Incontinence‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time Dependent Factors | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI |
| Menopausal status in year concurrent with first report of incontinence | ||||||
| Pre-menopause | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Early Peri-menopause | 1.34 | 1.07, 1.68 | 1.40 | 0.96, 2.03 | 1.41 | 0.93, 2.14 |
| Late Peri-menopause | 1.52 | 1.12, 2.05 | 1.24 | 0.75, 2.05 | 2.12 | 1.26, 3.56 |
| Postmenopause | 0.88 | 0.63, 1.23 | 0.98 | 0.60, 1.61 | 0.88 | 0.48, 1.60 |
| Unclassifiable during or after hormone use | 1.06 | 0.78, 1.46 | 1.25 | 0.79, 1.98 | 0.59 | 0.29, 1.21 |
| Unclassifiable after hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy | 0.45 | 0.18, 1.18 | 0.38 | 0.07, 1.96 | 0.46 | 0.09, 2.39 |
| Weight Gain (per 1 lb increase) | 1.04 | 1.02, 1.07 | 1.05 | 1.02, 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.00, 1.08 |
| Change in anxiety symptoms (per unit increase in score) | 1.05 | 1.01, 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.01, 1.15 | ||
| Change in depressive symptoms (per unit increase in score) | 0.99 | 0.98, 1.00 | ||||
| Change in life stressors (per event increase) | 0.91 | 0.85, 0.98 | ||||
| Baseline Factors | ||||||
| Age at baseline (per year) | 1.00 | 0.97, 1.03 | 1.00 | 0.96, 1.04 | 1.00 | 0.94,1.06 |
| Parity | ||||||
| Nulliparous | Ref | |||||
| Parous | 1.11 | 0.98, 1.26 | ||||
| Hypertension at baseline | 1.19 | 1.00, 1.41 | ||||
| BMI in kg/m2 at baseline (per unit) | 1.02 | 1.01, 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.00, 1.04 | ||
| Difficulty paying for basics | ||||||
| Not hard at all | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Somewhat to very hard | 1.09 | 1.00, 1.18 | 1.16 | 1.00, 1.35 | ||
| Education at baseline | ||||||
| High school or less | Ref | Ref | ||||
| College or more | 1.08 | 0.98, 1.19 | 1.25 | 1.02, 1.53 | ||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Caucasian | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| African-American | 1.09 | 0.94, 1.28 | 0.75 | 0.59, 0.95 | 1.96 | 1.45, 2.65 |
| Chinese | 0.93 | 0.75, 1.15 | 1.09 | 0.84, 1.43 | 0.77 | 0.47, 1.28 |
| Japanese | 0.91 | 0.73, 1.13 | 1.01 | 0.77, 1.33 | 0.71 | 0.42, 1.18 |
| Hispanic | 0.88 | 0.68, 1.13 | 0.95 | 0.70. 1.30 | 0.57 | 0.29, 1.12 |
HR = Hazard Ratio, 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval, Ref = Reference
Bold = p < 0.05
All variables in each model represented in table
Women using hormones after being classified as postmenopause or after hysterectomy were not included in our analysis due to small numbers.
*
Any Incontinence N = 855
†
Stress Incontinence N = 433
‡
Urge Incontinence N = 244