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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 8.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2011 Jun 8;13(6):627–638. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.03.020

Figure 6. Ursolic Acid Reduces Adiposity.

Figure 6

(A-B) Mice were provided ad lib access to standard chow supplemented with the indicated concentration of ursolic acid for 7 weeks before tissues were harvested for analysis. Data are means ± SEM from 10 mice per diet. (A) Effects of ursolic acid on weights of skeletal muscle (quadriceps + triceps), epididymal fat, retroperitoneal fat and heart. P-values (determined by one-way ANOVA with post-test for linear trend) were < 0.001 for muscle; 0.01 and 0.04 for epididymal and retroperitoneal fat, respectively; and 0.46 for heart. (B) Total body weights before and after 7 weeks of the indicated concentration of dietary ursolic acid. P-values were 0.71 and 0.80 for initial and final weights, respectively. (C-F) Mice were provided ad lib access to either standard chow (control diet) or standard chow supplemented with 0.27% ursolic acid (ursolic acid diet) for 5 weeks, as in Figure 4. (C) Relationship between skeletal muscle weight (quadriceps, triceps, biceps, TA, gastrocnemius and soleus) and retroperitoneal adipose weight. Each data point represents one mouse. P < 0.001 for both muscle and adipose by unpaired t-test. (D) Representative H&E stain of retroperitoneal fat. (E) Effect of ursolic acid on average retroperitoneal adipocyte diameter. Each data point represents the average diameter of ≥ 125 retroperitoneal adipocytes from one mouse. (F) Effect of ursolic acid on retroperitoneal adipocyte size distribution. Each distribution represents combined adipocyte measurements (> 1000 per diet) from (E). (G-H) Mice were fed as in (A-B). (G) Plasma leptin. Each data point represents one mouse, and horizontal bars denote the means. P-values were determined by t-test. (H) Relationship between adipose weight and plasma leptin. Each data point represents one mouse. (I-J) Mice were fed as in (C-F) before plasma triglycerides (I) and cholesterol (J) were measured. Each data point represents one mouse, and horizontal bars denote the means. P-values were determined by unpaired t-test. See also Figure S4.