Table 2.
Means and standard deviations of study outcomes at baseline, 6 months, and 12 monthsa
| Baseline (n=137) | 6 months (n=137) | 12 months (n=130) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention (n= 74) | Control (n= 63) | t (df) | P value | Intervention (n= 74) | Control (n= 63) | t (df) | P value | Intervention (n=69) | Control (n=61) | t (df) | P value | |
| Total exercise/week scoreb | 5.2 (2.2) | 5.4 (2.6) | 0.50 (133) | 0.62 | 7.0* (2.7) | 5.8 (2.7) | −2.57 (131) | 0.01 | 6.1 (2.5) | 5.9 (2.8) | −0.33 (124) | 0.74 |
| Self-efficacy for exercise | 5.0 (2.2) | 5.2 (1.8) | 0.59 (135) | 0.56 | 5.8* (2.1) | 5.0 (2.2) | −2.24 (135) | 0.03 | 5.5* (2.3) | 4.7 (2.2) | −2.04 (128) | 0.04 |
| Self-efficacy for self-care (1=low, 5=high) | 4.0 (1.0) | 4.3 (0.8) | 1.56 (133) | 0.12 | 4.3 (0.9) | 4.3 (0.7) | −0.31 (134) | 0.98 | 4.4 (0.9) | 4.4 (0.8) | 0.26 (127) | 0.79 |
| Depressive symptoms (0 = low, 22 = high) | 9.4* (2.9) | 7.9 (2.8) | −2.99 (131) | 0.00 | 8.1 (3.0) | 8.3 (2.9) | 0.39 (120) | 0.21 | 8.5 (2.8) | 7.7 (2.7) | −1.62 (127) | 0.11 |
| Perceived stress (0 = low, 4 = high) | 1.9 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.5) | −0.70 (135) | 0.48 | 1.7 (0.6) | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.17 (135) | 0.24 | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.6) | −0.63 (128) | 0.53 |
| Subjective caregiver burden (0 = low, 120 = high) | 14.7 (11.5) | 14.4 (9.1) | −0.16 (135) | 0.88 | 12.9 (10.9) | 13.4 (10.0) | 0.27 (121) | 0.79 | 13.2 (12.8) | 13.4 (11.9) | 0.10 (106) | 0.92 |
a
Baseline and 6 month samples include everyone with baseline and 6-month data; 12-month sample includes everyone with baseline and 12-month data. All intervention group participants completed at least two program sessions;
b
Sum of aerobic, stretching, and strengthening exercise per week.
Scale values: 1 = none, 2 = < 30 min., 3 = 30–60 min., 4 = 1–3 hours; 5 = >3 hrs,
*
p < 0.05