Table 3.

Risk of Diabetes by Quintiles of Hip Circumference Residuals

Quintiles of Hip Circumference
	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		Q5
	Referent		HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	p-trend
Men
N	11,101		11,060		11,003		11,069		10,901
Model 1	Ref	----	1.33	0.97–1.82	1.51	1.12–2.04	2.43	1.85–3.18	4.38	3.39–5.65	<0.0001
Model 2	Ref	----	1.02	0.82–1.26	0.78	0.62–0.99	0.92	0.74–1.15	0.95	0.77–1.17	0.46
Model 3	Ref	----	0.96	0.78–1.20	0.72	0.57–0.90	0.82	0.65–1.02	0.78	0.63–0.96	0.008
Model 4	Ref	----	0.95	0.76–1.18	0.72	0.57–0.91	0.83	0.67–1.04	0.78	0.63–0.97	0.0145
Women
N	13,536		13,745		13,781		13,542		13,641
Model 1	Ref	----	1.60	1.27–2.01	1.90	1.51–2.40	3.01	2.45–3.71	5.41	4.44–6.61	<0.0001
Model 2	Ref	----	0.88	0.77–1.01	0.80	0.69–0.92	0.80	0.70–0.93	0.77	0.68–0.89	0.0001
Model 3	Ref	----	0.84	0.73–0.96	0.73	0.63–0.85	0.72	0.62–0.84	0.64	0.55–0.74	<0.0001
Model 4	Ref	----	0.83	0.72–0.96	0.74	0.64–0.86	0.72	0.62–0.84	0.65	0.56–0.75	<0.0001

Mean hip circumferences in quintiles 1–5 were 89.6, 92.3, 94.1, 96.0, and 99.8 cm, respectively in men and 90.8, 92.9, 95.1, 97.3, and 102.6 cm, respectively in women.

Model 1: unadjusted model with hip circumference.

Model 2: controlled for waist circumference.

Model 3: controlled for waist circumference and BMI.

Model 4: controlled for waist circumference, BMI, education, income, occupational status, energy intake, physical activity, current smoker status, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and a family history of type 2 diabetes.