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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Epidemiol. 2011 May;21(5):358–366. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.02.005

Table 4.

Risk of Diabetes by Quintiles of Hip Circumference Residuals Stratified by Median Body Mass Index (BMI)

Quintiles of Hip Circumference
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
Referent HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI p-trend
Men
BMI ≤ median
N 6,309 5948 5,520 5,325 4,503
Model 1 Ref ---- 0.84 0.55–1.30 1.15 0.76–1.76 1.56 1.00–2.44 0.91 0.36–2.29 0.12
Model 2 Ref ---- 0.95 0.62–1.46 0.73 0.46–1.16 0.56 0.34–0.94 0.59 0.35–1.00 0.006
Model 4 Ref ---- 0.92 0.60–1.41 0.69 0.44–1.10 0.52 0.31–0.87 0.54 0.31–0.92 0.002
Model 4 Ref ---- 0.93 0.610–1.43 0.69 0.43–1.11 0.51 0.30–0.86 0.57 0.33–0.98 0.004
BMI > median
N 4,792 5,112 5,483 5,744 6,398
Model 1 Ref ---- 0.90 0.53–1.53 0.62 0.37–1.03 0.83 0.51–1.35 1.35 0.84–2.18 <0.0001
Model 2 Ref ---- 1.00 0.78–1.29 0.75 0.58–0.98 0.96 0.75–1.23 0.96 0.76–1.21 0.74
Model 3 Ref ---- 0.97 0.76–1.25 0.72 0.55–0.93 0.89 0.70–1.15 0.84 0.67–1.07 0.16
Model 4 Ref ---- 0.94 0.73–1.22 0.73 0.56–0.95 0.92 0.72–1.18 0.84 0.66–1.08 0.23
Women
BMI ≤ median
N 7,308 7,929 7,417 6,750 4,723
Model 1 Ref ---- 1.36 1.03–1.79 1.15 0.83–1.61 1.39 0.98–1.96 1.51 0.76–3.00 0.08
Model 2 Ref ---- 0.88 0.66–1.18 0.68 0.49–0.94 0.50 0.35–0.74 0.55 0.36–0.84 <0.0001
Model 3 Ref ---- 0.86 0.65–1.15 0.65 0.47–0.90 0.48 0.33–0.70 0.51 0.33–0.79 <0.0001
Model 4 Ref ---- 0.86 0.65–1.15 0.67 0.49–0.93 0.50 0.34–0.73 0.53 0.34–0.81 <0.0001
BMI > median
N 6,228 5,816 6,364 6,792 8,918
Model 1 Ref ---- 1.02 0.64–1.63 1.03 0.66–1.62 1.33 0.87–2.05 2.08 1.36–3.17 <0.0001
Model 2 Ref ---- 0.87 0.74–1.03 0.81 0.69–0.96 0.85 0.72–0.99 0.77 0.67–0.90 0.001
Model 3 Ref ---- 0.84 0.72–0.99 0.77 0.65–0.91 0.79 0.67–0.93 0.68 0.58–0.79 <0.0001
Model 4 Ref ---- 0.84 0.72–0.99 0.77 0.65–0.91 0.79 0.67–0.93 0.69 0.59–0.81 <0.0001

Model 1: unadjusted model with hip circumference.

Model 2 controlled for waist circumference.

Model 3 controlled for waist circumference and BMI.

Model 4 controlled for waist circumference, BMI, education, income, occupational status, energy intake, physical activity, current smoker status, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and a family history of type 2 diabetes.