Table 1.

Multivariable analysis of utility for HIV-positive subjects (N = 1864)

Characteristic	Effect (95% confidence interval)*	P-value
Intercept	−0.27 (−0.30 to −0.24)	<0.0001
Symptoms definitely attributable (according to the patient) to CART	−0.08 (−0.10 to −0.06)	<0.0001|
Symptoms possibly attributable (according to the patient) to CART	−0.09 (−0.10 to −0.07)	<0.0001
Age > 50 years	−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.00)	NS
Female sex†	−0.00 (−0.05 to 0.05)	NS
Hazardous alcohol consumption‡	−0.00 (−0.01 to −0.00)	<0.0001
Recent drug use	−0.02 (−0.04 to −0.01)	0.0122
Cigarette smoking	−0.03 (−0.05 to −0.02)	<0.0001
Homelessness within last 4 weeks	−0.06 (−0.09 to −0.03)	<0.0001
African American race	0.03 (0.02 to 0.05)	0.0001
CART containing PIs§	−0.01 (−0.02 to −0.01)	NS
CART containing NNRTIs§	0.01 (−0.01 to 0.02)	NS

^*Negative values connote disutility (worse quality of life).

^†Effect was −0.002.

^‡Effect was −0.004.

^§Referent category was triple-nucleoside–based therapy.

CART, combination antiretroviral therapy; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NS, not significant at P < 0.05; PI, protease inhibitor.