Table 3.

Influence of geographical gradients, species, region and their interactions on changes in PC1 and PC3

	latitude		longitude		species		region		species × region
	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
PC1	128.57	<0.001	6.64	0.011	55.44	<0.001	0.14	0.713	0.30	0.585
PC3	0.83	0.364	9.10	0.003	12.52	<0.001	6.55	0.011	5.53	0.020

Degrees of freedom were 1 for each factor and 164 for error in all analyses. Significant p-values (p < 0.05) are indicated in bold.