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Inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by ginsenosides Rh1 and Rg2 in PC-12 cells. (A) Representative immunoblots showing the reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation by ginsenosides pretreatment in PC-12 cells. (B) Bar chart showing reduction in IOD pERK/IODERK of ginsenosides pretreated groups relative to the 6-OHDA control group (data presented as mean ± SD, n = 3). (Welch's t-test, * P = 0.027, *** P < 0.001).
